Study on the response mechanism of sex expression to environmental stress in crop plants.

作物性别表达对环境胁迫的响应机制研究

• 批准号: 03454042
• 负责人: TAKEOKA Yoji
• 金额: $ 4.16万
• 依托单位: Nagoya University
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (B)
• 财政年份: 1991
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1991 至 1993
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-03454042/
• 关键词: Rice; Spikelet; Young Panicle; Morphogenesis; Pistil hyperplasia; Sex expression; イネ小穂; 貫生; 環境ストレス; エチレン; アブシジン酸; ナフタレン酢酸; ジベレリン

1.Morphogenetic response under stressed environments was characterized based on our laboratories' results. Morphogenesis of spikelet organs between a mutant, REDS-1, and its original cultivar, Reimei, was examined. Even under the usual cultivation, structure of spikelet organs in REDS-1 showed morphological abnormality. While these abnormality is similar to pistil hyperplasia derived from those response to some adverse environments, the stamen hyperplasia as well as fertile pollen and mature grain formation were found to be expressed, as a specificity of REDS-1.2.Using high yield paddy rice varieties comparing with a standard one, morphogenesis in panicle and spikelet was observed under cryo-scanning electron microscope. In the high yield variety, a large number of branch and spikelet primodia were differentiated. By gibberellin application during this stage, young spikelets produced pistillate organs, and most of them thereafter degenerated.3.Developmental events of anther and pollen were followed up using a high resolution light microscopy. The different response to low temperature in two different stages between cultivar Koshihikari and Kinmaze was estimated microsopically.

1.根据我们实验室的结果，对胁迫环境下的形态发生反应进行了表征。研究了突变体REDS-1与其原始品种瑞美之间小穗器官的形态发生。即使在常规栽培条件下，REDS-1的小穗器官结构也表现出形态异常。这些异常现象与雌蕊对某些逆境的反应相似，但同时也表现出雄蕊的增生、可育花粉和成熟籽粒的形成，这是REDS-1.2的特异性。高产品种分化出大量的分支原基和小穗原基。在此期间，通过施用赤霉素，幼穗产生雌蕊器官，并且大多数在此之后退化。3.利用高分辨率光学显微镜对花药和花粉发育过程进行了跟踪。从微观上评价了越光和金迷宫两个品种在不同生育期对低温的不同反应。

项目成果

Takeoka, Y., T.Wada, K.Hiroi, Y.Tsutsui, K.Kanda and K.Suda: "Sexual dynamics of rice in response to the diverse environmental stresses." Crop production and improvement technology in Asia. KSCS,Korea.419-430 (1993)

Takeoka, Y.、T.Wada、K.Hiroi、Y.Tsutsui、K.Kanda 和 K.Suda：“水稻的性动态响应不同的环境压力。”

TAKEOKA,Y.: "Panicles.In:Science of the rice plant.Vol.1 Morphology,III.Morphology and development of reproductive organs,Chapter 1." NOBUNNKYO, 43 (1993)

TAKEOKA,Y.：“圆锥花序。见：水稻科学。第 1 卷形态学，III.生殖器官的形态学和发育，第 1 章。”

Takeoka, Y., K.Hiroi, H.Kitano, and T.Wada: "Pistil hyperplasia in rice spikelets as affected by heat stress." Sex.Plant reprod.4. 39-43 (1991)

Takeoka, Y.、K.Hiroi、H.Kitano 和 T.Wada：“受热应激影响的水稻小穗雌蕊增生。”

Wada, T., and H.Sasakawa: "Light and electron microscopy of stem nodule development in Aeschynomene indica under induced condition." Proc.7th Internatil.Congr.SABRAO, Taipei, R.O.C.(in press).

Wada, T. 和 H.Sasakawa：“诱导条件下 Aeschynomene indica 茎瘤发育的光学和电子显微镜观察。”

Takeoka, Y., A.A.Mamun, T.Wada and P.B.Kaufman: "Reproductive Adatation of Rice to environmental stress." JSSP-Elsevier Sci.Publ.B.V.Amsterdam. 1-226

Takeoka, Y.、A.A.Mamun、T.Wada 和 P.B.Kaufman：“水稻对环境压力的生殖适应”。