Synthesis of Alkyl Oligosaccharide by Ring-Opening Polymerization of Anhydro Sugars

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In our laboratory, following the synthesis of highly anti-HIV (human immunodeficiency virus) active sulfated polysaccharides, sulfated alkyl oligosaccharides with potent anti-HIV activity were prepared. The sulfated alkyl oligosaccharide has such a structure that a long alkyl group is attached to the reducing end of the sulfated oligosaccharide. In this study, modifying the synthetic method of high molecular weight stereoregular polysaccharides, medium molecular weight polysaccharides, i.e., polyriboses, were prepared by selective cationic ring-opening polymerization of a 1,4-anhydro-ribose derivative. The acetylated polyribose, i.e., acetylated (1->5)-alpha-ribofuranan, was reacted with octadecyl alcohol by stannic chloride catalyst to afford acetylated alkyl polyribose with medium molecular weight. After deacetylation, OH-free alkyl oligo-riboses were sulfated into sulfated alkyl oligo-riboses with anti-HIV activity. In addition, a new 1,4-anhydro-deoxy-ribose monomer was synthesized and polymerized into a stereoregular poly-deoxy-ribose. This deoxy-ribose derivative has a potential to be used for the synthesis of another alkyl oligosaccharide.