Modelling of canopy structure and nitrogen use in plant communities

植物群落冠层结构和氮利用建模

• 批准号: 04454007
• 负责人: HIROSE Tadaki
• 金额: $ 4.22万
• 依托单位: TOHOKU UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (B)
• 财政年份: 1992
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1992 至 1993
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-04454007/
• 关键词: Plant community; Canopy structure; Photosynthesis; Light Climate; Nitrogen allocation; Nitrogen use efficiency; Chlorophyll; Chloroplast protein; 群落光合成; 最適モデル

(1) Canopy structure with many species was studied in the Miscanthus sinensis grassland at Kawatabi, Miyagi Pref. There were 13 species with Pteridium, Lespedeza, Smilax, Lysimachia and Arundinella in the middle layrs, and Asterm Lactuca, Potentilla, Carex, Astilbe, Solidago and Hypericum in the lowest layrs. There were strong correlations between total leaf area, photon absorption and the amount of leaf nitrogen in each species. Species comprising the upper layrs had larger leaf area and highter photon absorption averaged over leaf area, but had not higher photon absorption per unit aboveground biomass. Species comprising the lower layrs had high SLA (leaf area per unit leaf mass), which led to their high efficiency of biomass use to absorb photons.(2) A model of photosynthesis was developed to describe the nitrogen economy of the leaf of C3 plants. Photosynthetic proteins were categorised into five groups according to their functions in photosynthesis. The effects of the investment of nitrogen in each of these groups on the maximal rate of photosynthesis and the initial slope of the light-response curve were analyzed. The changes in adaptive significance.(3) Effects of leaf age, nitrogen nutrition and photon flux density (PFD) on the distribution of nitrogen among leaves were aso as to avoid mutual shading of leaves. It was concluded that both leaf nitrogen and that the contribution of leaf age increases with the decrease in nitrogen nutrient level.

(1) 对宫城县川田市芒草草原的多种物种的冠层结构进行了研究。中层有蕨类植物、胡枝子、土茯苓、金钱草、古古草等13种，下层有莴苣、委陵菜、苔草、落新妇、一枝黄花、金丝桃属等13种。每个物种的总叶面积、光子吸收和叶氮含量之间存在很强的相关性。包含上层的物种具有较大的叶面积和较高的平均叶面积光子吸收率，但每单位地上生物量没有较高的光子吸收率。下层物种具有高SLA（每单位叶质量的叶面积），这导致它们利用生物量吸收光子的效率很高。（2）建立了光合作用模型来描述C3植物叶子的氮经济。光合蛋白根据其在光合作用中的功能分为五类。分析了各组施氮量对光合作用最大速率和光响应曲线初始斜率的影响。 (3)叶龄、氮素营养和光子通量密度(PFD)对氮素在叶片间分配的影响,避免叶片相互遮蔽。结论是，随着氮养分水平的降低，叶片氮和叶龄的贡献都增加。

项目成果

Hikosaka, K., Terashima, I.and Katoh, S.: "Effects of light, nutrient, and ageing on leaf nitrogen and photosynthesis." Research in Photosynthesis Vol.IV (ed.Murata, N.) Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht.381-384 (1992)

Hikosaka, K.、Terashima, I. 和 Katoh, S.：“光、养分和衰老对叶片氮和光合作用的影响”。

Hikosaka,K.,Okada,K.Terashima,I.and Katoh,S.: "Acclimation and senescence of leaves:their roles in canopy photosynthesis." Photosynthetic Responses to Environment (ed.Yamamoto,H.),Amer.Soc.Pl.Physiol.1-13 (1993)

Hikosaka,K.、Okada,K.Terashima,I.和 Katoh,S.：“叶子的适应和衰老：它们在冠层光合作用中的作用。”

Chiba, N.and Hirose, T.: "Nitrogen aquisition and use in three perennials in the early stage of primary succession" Functional Ecology. 7. 287-292 (1993)

Chiba, N. 和 Hirose, T.：“初级演替早期阶段三种多年生植物的氮获取和利用”功能生态学。

K.Hikosaka,K.Okada,I.Terashima,S.Katoh: "Acclimation and senescence of leaves:Their roles in canopy photosynthesis." Photosynthetic Responses to the Environment.Edited by H.YAMAMOTO,American Society of Plant Physiologists.(1993)

K.Hikosaka、K.Okada、I.Terashima、S.Katoh：“叶子的适应和衰老：它们在冠层光合作用中的作用。”

Chiba,N.and Hirose,T.: "Nitrogen aquisition and use in three perennials in the early stage of primary succession." Functional Ecology. 7. 287-292 (1993)

Chiba,N. 和 Hirose,T.：“三种多年生植物在初级演替早期阶段的氮获取和利用。”