Determinants of the reproductive yield of competing plants in a stand
林分中竞争植物繁殖产量的决定因素
基本信息
- 批准号:11440225
- 负责人:
- 金额:$ 7.94万
- 依托单位:
- 依托单位国家:日本
- 项目类别:Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B).
- 财政年份:1999
- 资助国家:日本
- 起止时间:1999 至 2000
- 项目状态:已结题
- 来源:
- 关键词:
项目摘要
We studied the effect of CO_2 elevation on the reproductive yield of Xanthium canadense. Although the plant growth and total reproductive yield (seeds plus capsules) increased with CO_2 elevation, seed production did not increase. Analysing N use in plant growth, we found retranslocation of N from leaves to seeds was retarded at high CO_2 due to increased longevity of leaves and low temperature. Translocation was lowered by lower air temperature at later growing season. Thus seed production was constrained by the availability of N.We developed a new method to separate the effect of self-shading from that of shading from neighbors and applied it to stands of Xanthium canadense established with different densities. We estimated (1) the intensity of shading for plants in the stand and (2) self-shading for plants isolated from the stand. Shading from neighbors was estimated as a subtraction of (2) from (1). We found that the interaction among individuals was strong in a stand and that the intensity increased with increasing plant densities.From an analysis of trade-off between size and number in seed production, we proposed a sink-limiting growth model, where contraints in the absorption rate of resources from mother plants were assumed with a loss of resources due to maintenance respiration. This model predicts that seed size does not increase reciprocally to the reduction in seed number. This is because an efficiency in using storage substance decreases with a smaller number of seeds and thus benefits increasing seed number at the expense of seed size. The optimal seed size is smaller than that predicted by Smith and Fretwell.
研究了CO_2浓度升高对苍耳繁殖产量的影响。虽然植株生长和总繁殖量(种子+胶囊)随着CO2浓度的升高而增加,但种子产量并没有增加。通过分析氮素在植物生长中的作用,我们发现,在高CO_2条件下,由于叶片寿命的延长和低温的影响,氮素从叶片到种子的再运转受到了抑制。生长后期气温较低,降低了转运量。因此,种子生产受到氮素有效性的制约。我们开发了一种新的方法来区分自遮荫和邻遮荫的效果,并将其应用于不同密度的加拿大苍耳林。我们估计了(1)林分植物的遮荫强度和(2)林分隔离植物的自我遮荫强度。邻居的阴影被估计为从(1)中减去(2)。通过对种子生产中个体大小和数量的权衡分析,提出了一个库限生长模型,该模型假定母植物对资源的吸收速率受到限制,而维持呼吸造成资源的损失。该模型预测种子大小并不与种子数量的减少成反比。这是因为使用贮藏物质的效率随着种子数量的减少而降低,因此有利于以种子大小为代价增加种子数量。最佳种子尺寸小于Smith和Fretwell的预测。
项目成果
期刊论文数量(66)
专著数量(0)
科研奖励数量(0)
会议论文数量(0)
专利数量(0)
Anten N.P.R.,Hikosaka K.and HiroseT.: "Nitrogen utilisation and the photosynthetic system"In : B.Marshall and J.A.Roberts(eds)Leaf Development and Canopy Growth, Sheffield Academic Press, UK. (2000)
Anten N.P.R.、Hikosaka K. 和 Hirose T.:“氮利用和光合系统”,载于:B.Marshall 和 J.A.Roberts(编)叶发育和冠层生长,谢菲尔德学术出版社,英国。
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Sakai S.: "Size-number trade-off and allocation to flower pruduction in animal-pollinated plants"Plant Species Biology. (in press).
Sakai S.:“动物授粉植物中花卉生产的大小数量权衡和分配”植物物种生物学。
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Sakai S.: "Female-biased sexual allocation in cosexual plants: result of sink-limited growth of fruits"Evolutionary Ecology Research. 1. 953-957 (1999)
Sakai S.:“同性植物中雌性偏向的性分配:水果库限制生长的结果”进化生态学研究。
- DOI:
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Anten NPR, Hikosaka K, Hirose T.: "Nitrogen utilisation and the photosynthetic system."B Marshall, J Roberts (eds) Leaf Development and Canopy Growth. Sheffield Academic Press, Sheffield,UK. 171-203 (2000)
Anten NPR、Hikosaka K、Hirose T.:“氮利用和光合作用系统。”B Marshall、J Roberts(编)叶子发育和冠层生长。
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Sakai,S.and Harada,Y.: "Why do large mothers produce large offspring? : theory and a test."American Naturalist. (in press). (2001)
Sakai, S. 和 Harada, Y.:“为什么体型大的母亲会产生体型大的后代?:理论与测试。”美国博物学家。
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HIROSE Tadaki其他文献
HIROSE Tadaki的其他文献
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{{ truncateString('HIROSE Tadaki', 18)}}的其他基金
PLANT ARCHITECTURE : TRADE-OFF BETWEEN GROWTH AND MECHANICAL STABILITY
工厂架构:生长与机械稳定性之间的权衡
- 批准号:
20370015 - 财政年份:2008
- 资助金额:
$ 7.94万 - 项目类别:
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
Costs and benefits in branching and the mechanical stability of plants
植物分枝和机械稳定性的成本和效益
- 批准号:
17370008 - 财政年份:2005
- 资助金额:
$ 7.94万 - 项目类别:
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
Application of canopy photosythesis models to the analysis of leaf phenology
冠层光合作用模型在叶片物候分析中的应用
- 批准号:
14340241 - 财政年份:2002
- 资助金额:
$ 7.94万 - 项目类别:
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
Effects of climate and nomadic activities on the development of grassland vegetation in Mongolia
气候和游牧活动对蒙古草原植被发育的影响
- 批准号:
12575003 - 财政年份:2000
- 资助金额:
$ 7.94万 - 项目类别:
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
Analysis of Canopy Structure of Plant Communities in Mongolian Grasslands
蒙古草原植物群落冠层结构分析
- 批准号:
09041142 - 财政年份:1997
- 资助金额:
$ 7.94万 - 项目类别:
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B).
Competition and coexistence in plant community in relation to strategy of resource us
植物群落竞争与共存与资源利用策略
- 批准号:
08454248 - 财政年份:1996
- 资助金额:
$ 7.94万 - 项目类别:
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
Response of plant communities to elevated CO_2
植物群落对 CO_2 升高的反应
- 批准号:
07044176 - 财政年份:1995
- 资助金额:
$ 7.94万 - 项目类别:
Grant-in-Aid for international Scientific Research
Analysis of canopy structure of multi-species plant communities
多物种植物群落冠层结构分析
- 批准号:
06454007 - 财政年份:1994
- 资助金额:
$ 7.94万 - 项目类别:
Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (B)
Modelling of canopy structure and nitrogen use in plant communities
植物群落冠层结构和氮利用建模
- 批准号:
04454007 - 财政年份:1992
- 资助金额:
$ 7.94万 - 项目类别:
Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (B)
Functional analysis of canopy structure of grasslands
草原冠层结构功能分析
- 批准号:
04044027 - 财政年份:1992
- 资助金额:
$ 7.94万 - 项目类别:
Grant-in-Aid for international Scientific Research
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