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Phylogenetic studies on dogs and fowls with emphasis on migration routs of the animals

狗和家禽的系统发育研究，重点是动物的迁徙路线

基本信息

批准号：
04454109
负责人：
TANABE Yuichi
金额：
$ 4.22万
依托单位：
Azabu University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (B)
财政年份：
1992
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1992 至 1993
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-04454109/
关键词：
Japanese native dogs Japanese native fowl Gene frequency Hb^A Gmo^g North Sakhalin native dogs RAPD Japanese Bantams 蛋白質多型現象ニブヒロシア在来犬電気泳動三河犬琉球犬ヘモクロビンA ガングリオンドモノオキンゲナーゼg 蛋白質多型

项目摘要

The genetic relationships of 51 Asian and European dog breeds or populations were studied by using the protein polymorphisms deteted by electrophoretic and chemical analysis. Blood samples taken from 3766 dogs including 12 Japanes, one Korean, three of China origin, Eskimo and 15 European breeds, three Russian breeds, one Taiwanese and a Bangladesh populations and a North Sakhalin. Protein polymorphisms were observed in 16 loci : Es, Lap, Akp, Hb, Es-2, Es-3, Pac, GPI, To, Gmo, Pa-1, Alb, Poa, Poa-3, Ptf and Tf. A scatter diaram of the 51 breed or populations on the basis of the principal pomponent analysis elucidates the existence of three close relationships among the Ryukyu dog and Hokkaido dogs, and among the Korean native breed (the Jindo) and a population (the Chejudo), the native Japanese breeds in Honshu such as San'in Shiba and Mikawa. There were two gene flows in dogs into Japan. The first was from the Southeast Asia through the Ryukyu islands. The second was from the Korean Peninsula to the Japanese islands except Hokkaido and Ryukyu islands. A distinct difference in hemoglobin A (Hb^A) and ganglioside monooxygenase (Gmo^g) frequency between the Hokkaido (Ainu) dog and the North Sakhalin native dog, suggesting no gene flow in dogs occurred from Sakhalin into Hokkaido. The native dog breeds of Central Eurasia (Caucasian, Middle-Asian Sheepdog and the Laika) have a middle position between East Asian and European dog breed groups.Random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) patterns of chicken red cells were employed for clarify the phylogenetic relationships among Japanese native fowl breeds with emphasis on the Chabo (the Japan Bsantam). Japanese native fowl breeds were divided into two clusters : (1) the Chabos except the Goishi (mottled) and Shokoku (the Long Saddle), (2) the Goishi Chabo, the Koshamo (the Japanese Game Bantam), the Totenko (the Long Crower), the Tomaru (the Black Long Crower) and the Onagadori (the Japanese Long Tailed).

采用电泳和化学分析方法对51个亚洲和欧洲犬种（群）的遗传关系进行了研究。在Es、Lap、Akp、Hb、Es-2、Es-3、Pac、GPI、To、Gmo、Pa-1、Alb、Poa、Poa-3、Ptf和Tf等16个位点上观察到蛋白多态性。基于主ponponent分析的51个品种或种群的散点日记阐明了在琉球狗和北海道狗之间、在韩国本土品种（珍岛）和一个种群（Chejudo）之间、在本州的日本本土品种（如San'in Shiba和Mikawa）之间存在三种密切的关系。狗的基因有两次流入日本。第一次是从东南亚经过琉球群岛。二是从韩半岛到除北海道和琉球外的日本列岛。血红蛋白A （Hb^A）和神经节苷单加氧酶（Gmo^g）频率在北海道（阿伊努）犬和北库页岛本地犬之间存在明显差异，表明狗的基因没有从库页岛流入北海道。欧亚大陆中部的本地犬种（高加索犬、中亚牧羊犬和莱卡犬）处于东亚和欧洲犬种群之间的中间位置。采用鸡红细胞随机扩增多态性DNA （RAPD）图谱，对日本土鸡品种间的系统发育关系进行了研究。日本本土家禽品种分为两类：(1)Chabos，除了Goishi（斑纹）和Shokoku（长鞍），(2)Goishi Chabo, Koshamo（日本野鸭），Totenko（长冠鸟），Tomaru（黑色长冠鸟）和Onagadori（日本长尾鸟）。