Studies on the abscission of the apices of long shoots and short shoots and adventitious abscission of internodes in mulberry (Morus alba)

桑树长、短枝顶端脱落及节间不定脱落的研究

• 批准号: 04806008
• 负责人: SUZUKI Takeo
• 金额: $ 1.15万
• 依托单位: Kyoto Institute of Technology
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (C)
• 财政年份: 1992
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1992 至 1993
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-04806008/
• 关键词: Mulberry; Abscission of shoot apexes; Shoot-tip abscission; Adventitous abscission; Internode abscission; Morus alba; Auxin; Ethephon

Previous work established that shoot-tip abscission following the cessation of apical growth could be induced in diffrent internodes in mulberry (Morus alba L.cv. Shin-incinose).1. The present study has shown that the removal of the apices of the lateral, short shoots of 1-year-old stems of low-pruned trees (decapitation) caused adventitious abscission of the distal internodes and that the abscission was delayd by treating the cut surfaces of the internodes with lanolin paste containing 500ppm auxin (1-naphthaleneacetic acid ; NAA) or painting the distal internodes with 100, 500ppm NAA in aqueous solution, using absorbent cotton. Similar decapitation-induced, adventitious abscission of the distal internodes of the upper, long shoots of 1-year-old stems of low-pruned trees also occured, and application of 100, 500ppm NAA in aq. soln. to the distal internodes of the decapitated, long shoots delayd the abscission. In contrast, application of 100, 500ppm Ethephn in aq. soln. to the distal internodes stimulated the abscission. The results suggest that auxin and ethylene are involved in the control of the adventitious abscission of internodes in mulberry, as demonstrated for the leaf abscission.2. Training 1-year-old stems of low-pruned stumps of mulberry (Morus alba L.cv. Shinichinose) horizontally (arching) before spring bud-burst resulted in a remarkable inhibition of the development of buds on the lower side which remained dormant or grew only into spur buds or poor short shoots, causing the abuscission of spur buds and short shoots. This inhibitory effect was found to be a gravimorphic one, by the removal of the buds on the upper side of the arched stems before spring bud-burst. Thus in these debudded, arched stems, there was a delay in the sprouting of the buds on the lower side as in the case of the buds on the lower side of the untreated arched stems.

先前的研究表明，桑树（Morus alba L.cv. Shin-incinose）的不同节间可诱导顶端生长停止后的茎尖脱落。1．本研究表明，去除低修剪树木的 1 年生茎的侧向短芽（断头）会导致远端节间的不定性脱落，并且通过用含有 500ppm 生长素（1-萘乙酸；NAA）的羊毛脂糊处理节间的切面或用 100、500ppm 涂抹远端节间来延迟脱落。 NAA 水溶液，使用脱脂棉。低修剪树木的 1 年生茎的上部长芽的远端节间也发生类似的断头诱导的不定脱落，并在水溶液中施用 100、500ppm NAA。解决方案。到断头的远端节间，长枝延迟了脱落。相比之下，应用 100、500ppm 乙烯利水溶液。解决方案。到远端节间刺激脱落。结果表明，生长素和乙烯参与了桑树节间不定脱落的控制，如叶片脱落所示。 2．春季发芽前对桑树低修剪桩（Morus alba L.cv. Shinichinose）1年生茎进行水平（拱形）培养，会明显抑制下侧处于休眠状态的芽的发育或只长出短芽或短芽，造成短芽和短芽的滥用。人们发现，这种抑制作用是一种重力作用，通过在春季发芽之前去除拱形茎上侧的芽来实现。因此，在这些已脱芽的拱形茎中，下侧的芽的发芽延迟，与未处理的拱形茎的下侧的芽的情况一样。

项目成果

鈴木 健夫: "クワ古条の横臥枝化による春発芽,新梢生長と重力形態形成" 日本蚕糸学雑誌. 62. (1993)

Takeo Suzuki：“由于老桑条的卧倒而导致的春季发芽、新芽生长和重力形态发生”，《日本蚕丝学杂志》62。（1993）

鈴木健夫: "クワ古条の横臥枝化による春発芽,新梢生長と重力形態形成" 日本蚕糸学雑誌. 62. 265-271 (1993)

Takeo Suzuki：“桑树根卧伏引起的春季发芽、新芽生长和重力形态发生”《日本蚕丝学杂志》62. 265-271 (1993)。

Takeo Suzuki: "Lateral bud-burst and shoot growth in horizontally trained stems of low-pruned mulberry plants (Morus alba)" Journal of Sericultural Science of Japan. 62(4). 265-271 (1993)

Takeo Suzuki：“低修剪桑树（Morus alba）水平训练茎的侧芽萌发和枝条生长”《日本蚕业科学杂志》。