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The foundations of modern philosophy in the 14th century

14世纪现代哲学的基础

基本信息

批准号：
05451003
负责人：
RIESENHUBER Klaus
金额：
$ 2.3万
依托单位：
Sophia University (Jochi Daigaku)
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (B)
财政年份：
1993
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1993 至 1994
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

This research project had as its purpose the investigation of the structure of 14th century European Philosophy, with special reference to function as basis of the philosophical thought in early modern times. I.For a study in depth, there had to be taken into account 1.the continuing influerce of the grat systems of scholastic thought of the 13th century (Albertinism, Thomism, Augustinism, Scotism), 2.the aftermath of the condemations of Latin Averroism in 1270 and 1277, which led to a weakening of the Thomist position and to an increased interest in Augustinian and Neoplatonic thought.II.The decisive phase for the emergence of a variety of new and creative philosophical trends lies between the years 1290 and 1330. For that period, the following streams have been analyzed : 1.Latin Averroism, continuing, mainly in northern Italy, during the 14th (and 156h) century ; 2.seemigly at the opposite side of the spectrum, but close to the fore-going in questions as self-knowledge and epistemol … More ogy, Augustinism, in the forn given to it by Aegidius Romanus in the Augustinian order. 3.The Franciscan school divides into : a) the Bonaventurian stream, effective mainly in spirituality, b) Raimundus Lullus' (and bis school's) interest in a geometrical-mathematical formalization of theological and philosophical thought ; c) Duns Scotus' (and bis school's) separation of philosophy and theology, propagated mainly in university circles ; d) William Occam's nominalism and voluntarism, which, on account of its critical, empirist and logical attitude favored the upspring of the method of natural sciences. 4.The Dominican school divides into a) Albertus Magnus' school, mostly in Germany and Poland, combining in the Arabic tradction Aristotle with Neoplatonic emanation theory ; b) the so-called orthodox Thomism, aiming at an intellectualist systematization of Aquinas' (earlier) thought ; c) a Neoplatonic stream among the German Dominicns, advancing a transcendental theory of man's intellect, which leads to d) the German speculative mystics (Meister Eckhart). -As trends and presuppositions common to most of those schools can be seen : a change from an ontological outlook and abstraction theory to a theory of consciusness and intuition as well as critical, logical method, formahization and tran-scendentalization of the intellect, leading to a scparation of subject and object, nature and free choice, theory and practice, and to a new oncept of man's independent subjectivity. Less

该研究项目的目的是调查14世纪世纪欧洲哲学的结构，特别是作为近代早期哲学思想基础的功能。为了进行深入的研究，必须考虑到1.13世纪经院哲学思想大体系的持续影响（Albertinism，Albertinism，Augustinism，Scotism），2.在1270年和1277年拉丁阿韦罗主义condemations的后果，这导致了一个削弱了奥古斯丁和新柏拉图主义思想的立场和增加的兴趣。二、决定性的阶段出现的各种新的和创造性的哲学趋势的时间是1290年和1330年之间。在这一时期，分析了以下流派：1.拉丁阿威罗主义，主要在北方意大利继续，在14世纪（和156小时）世纪 ...更多信息 ogy，奥古斯丁，在forn给它的Aegidius Romanus在奥古斯丁秩序。3.方济会学校分为：a）博纳文图里流，有效的主要是在灵性，B）Raimundus Lullus'（和bis学校的）兴趣在神学和哲学思想的几何数学形式化; c）邓斯司各脱'哲学和神学的分离，主要在大学圈子里传播;（4）威廉·奥卡姆的唯名论和非唯名论，由于其批判的、经验主义的和逻辑的态度，有利于自然科学方法的兴起。4.多明我会学派分为：a）阿尔伯图斯·马格努斯学派，主要在德国和波兰，将阿拉伯传统的亚里士多德与新柏拉图的发散理论相结合; B）所谓的正统的亚里士多德主义，旨在对阿奎那（早期）的思想进行理智主义的系统化; c）德国多明我会中的新柏拉图主义潮流，提出了一种关于人的智力的先验理论，由此引出d）德国的投机神秘主义者（梅斯特·埃克哈特）。这些学派的共同趋势和前提是：从本体论的观点和抽象理论转变为意识和直觉理论，以及批判的逻辑方法，智力的形式化和超情景化，导致主体和客体，自然和自由选择，理论和实践的分离，以及对人的独立主体性的新概念。少