Travel support for two observers to conduct astronomical observations at the LBT during June 2019

1)z~ 7星系中星云CIII]和CIV发射线的观测引发了人们对产生这些发射线所需的硬辐射场性质的新兴趣。由于不仅是非常大质量的低金属量恒星，而且大质量X射线双星，越来越多的超大质量黑洞，甚至冲击波都可能是硬连续谱光子的来源，因此定义一组非常局部的代理是必要的，其中空间分辨率和灵敏度允许详细研究气体和单个电离源。2)盘星系外流和弥漫电离气晕的电离过程至今仍是一个未解之谜。虽然与恒星形成活动的联系似乎已经很好地建立起来（但尚未完全理解），但所观察到的电离气体的电离机制并没有得到很好的限制：虽然光电离肯定有贡献，但所观察到的线比率及其随距离盘的变化需要光子场的变化以及目前未知的加热机制的存在。3)斯皮策和赫歇尔揭示了银河系中大量的小气泡。在几个例子中，我们可以拍摄到明显的中心恒星的光谱，令人惊讶的是，这些恒星往往是演化的大质量恒星（沃尔夫-拉叶星，明亮蓝变星的候选者，以及OB超巨星）。我们利用LUCI近红外光谱对气泡及其中心恒星进行了定位，对气泡中潜在的高吸收部分进行了分类，并以一种更加公正的方式研究了气泡及其中心恒星的演化状态。

1) The observation of nebular CIII] and CIV emission lines in z~7galaxies triggered new interest in the nature of the hard radiation fieldneeded for this emission lines to occur. Since not only very massive,low metallicity stars, but also massive X-ray binaries, accretingsupermassive black hole, and even shocks may be possible sourcesof the hard continuum photons, the definition of a set of very localproxies is imperative, where spatial resolution and sensitivity allow adetailed study of the gas and individual ionization sources. 2) Theionization process of outflows and diffuse ionized gas halos in diskgalaxies is still an unsolved puzzle. While a connection to starformation activity seems to be well established (but not fullyunderstood), the ionization mechanism of the observed ionized gas isnot well constrained: while photo-ionization certainly contributes, theobserved line ratios and their change with distance from the diskrequire changes in the photon field and the presence of an additionalcurrently unknown heating mechanism. 3) Spitzer and alsoHERSCHEL revealed a significant number of small bubbles in theMilky Way. In a couple of cases, it was possible to take optical spectraof the apparent central stars, which surprisingly often turned out to beevolved massive stars (Wolf-Rayet stars, candidates for LuminousBlue Variables, and OB supergiants). We target the bubbles and theircentral stars with LUCI NIR spectroscopy to classify the potentiallyhighly absorbed part of the bubbles and investigate their evolutionarystate and their central stars in a more unbiased way.