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Formation of Cell-like liposome encapsulated cytoskeletons.

形成封装细胞骨架的细胞样脂质体。

基本信息

批准号：
05454637
负责人：
HOTANI Hirokazu
金额：
$ 4.93万
依托单位：
Nagoya University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (B)
财政年份：
1993
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1993 至 1994
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-05454637/
关键词：
Cytoskeleton Liposome Microtubule Cell model Actin Dark-field Microscopy 暗視野法

项目摘要

To study whether the cytoskeleton can determine the shape of cells, we constructed the liposome which contained subunit proteins of microtubules or microfilaments. Liposome are single or multi-layred vesicles of lipid bilayr.By raising the temperature, the encapsulated tubulin or G-actin was polymerized to microtubules or actin filaments (F-actin), respectively. As the encapsulated tubulin polymerized forming microtubules, the liposome transformed into a lemon shape. Two tubular membrane projections then developed from both sides of the lemon-shaped liposome and the projections grew longer. Both of the projections were straight, rigid, uniform in diameter and aligned on a line. Finally, the liposome transformed into a dipolar-shaped liposome, which had a central sphere and two straight tubes.When the encapsulated actin polymerized into actin filaments, the liposome transformed into a disk or dumbbell shape which has geometrical symmetry. The actin filaments polymerized in the liposome spontaneously aligned along the periphery of the liposome to form bundles. Elongation of microtubules or actin filaments caused morphological changes of the liposomes, indicating that the self-assembly process of the cytoskeletons itself can generate the mechanical force strong enough to deform membranes. Microtubule and actin filament are quite different in their rigidity. They may generate mechanical force in different amount with each other, when they self-assemble. These characteristics mighy cause the difference in the liposome shape.

为了研究细胞骨架能否决定细胞的形状，我们构建了含有微管或微丝亚单位蛋白的脂质体。脂质体是单层或多层的脂双层囊泡，通过升高温度，包裹的微管或G-肌动蛋白分别聚合成微管或肌动蛋白细丝(F-肌动蛋白)。当包裹的微管蛋白聚合形成微管时，脂质体转变为柠檬形状。然后，两个管状膜突起从柠檬状脂质体的两侧形成，突起变长。这两个投影都是笔直的，刚性的，直径均匀，对齐在一条线上。当包裹的肌动蛋白聚合成肌动蛋白细丝时，脂质体转化为具有几何对称性的圆盘或哑铃状。在脂质体中聚合的肌动蛋白细丝自发地沿着脂质体的外围排列成束。微管或肌动蛋白细丝的拉长导致脂质体的形态变化，表明细胞骨架本身的自组装过程可以产生足够强的机械力来使膜变形。微管和肌动蛋白细丝的硬度有很大的不同。当它们自组装时，可能会产生不同数量的机械力。这些特性可能会导致脂质体形状的不同。