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Novel Carrot Embryo-forming System.

新型胡萝卜胚胎形成系统。

基本信息

批准号：
05640723
负责人：
MASUDA Hiroshi
金额：
$ 1.34万
依托单位：
Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1993
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1993 至 1994
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

We have developed a novel embryo-forming system in which carrot somatic embryogenesis takes place in a one-stage process from epidermal cells in the absence of 2,4-D,provided hypocotyl explants are incubated in a liquid MS medium containing 2,4-D for 12-24 hours. In addition, in this system, somatic embryos develop directly via formation of cluster cells by repeating division of organized epidermal cells with adhesion to explants, without dedifferentiation to callus and suspension cultured cells. Somatic embryogenesis occurred directly from carrot epidermal cells was observed using scanning electron microscopy.Epidermal cells peeled off from parent tissues were present as compressed cells and then expanded to become tubelar cells. Subsequently, tubular cells were regularly and horizontally divided to from linear cluster cells and then these cluster cells divided vertically to become enlargment. Swelling structure were formed by irregular and oblique division at places on linear cluster cells and then continued to divide to form small proembryos. Some cells which comprised surface of swelling structure and proembryos expanded to every direction to become covered on surface of structure. These expanding cells made probably put a layr of surface of structure and furthermore piled up cell layr to form from swelling to globular-stage embryo via small proembryo. These expanding cells were formed on surface of heart-stage embryo.

我们已经开发了一种新的胚胎形成系统，在缺乏2,4- d的情况下，胡萝卜体细胞胚胎发生在表皮细胞的一个阶段，只要将下胚轴外植体在含有2,4- d的MS液体培养基中培养12-24小时。此外，在该系统中，体细胞胚胎的发育直接通过有组织的表皮细胞与外植体黏附的重复分裂形成簇细胞，而不去分化为愈伤组织和悬浮培养细胞。用扫描电镜观察了胡萝卜表皮细胞直接发生体细胞胚胎的过程。表皮细胞从亲本组织中剥离出来，以压缩细胞的形式存在，然后扩张为管状细胞。随后，管状细胞有规律地水平分裂为线状簇状细胞，再由线状簇状细胞垂直分裂为增大细胞。在线状簇细胞上，不规则斜分裂形成肿胀结构，然后继续分裂形成小的原胚。由膨胀结构表面和原胚组成的部分细胞向各个方向扩张，覆盖在结构表面。这些膨大的细胞可能形成一层结构表面，并进一步堆积细胞层，形成从小胚到球状胚。这些扩张细胞形成于心期胚表面。