Avoidance of environmental pollution and high forage yield by growing napiergrass

种植尿草可避免环境污染并提高饲料产量

• 批准号: 05660018
• 负责人: ITO Koji
• 金额: $ 1.15万
• 依托单位: Miyazaki University
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (C)
• 财政年份: 1993
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1993 至 1994
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-05660018/
• 关键词: napiergrass; environmental pollution; high level of manure input; high yield; nitrate nitrogen; crop growth rate; leaf area index

Napiergrass has high abilities to absorb minerals in the soil and to product high forage yield. Therefore, it can be expected to avoid environmental pollution caused by accumulation of manure in the animal husbandry and to obtain a high forage yield through the application of manure into the napiergrass field. In order to prove the realization of this expect and to clarify the growth characteristics of napiergrass to realize the expect, the growth of napiergrass and sorgo was compared under various levels of manure input with the highest level of 490 ton/ha in fresh weight.The dry matter yields of both grasses were increased by the increment of level of manure input. However, the increase of the yield following the increment of the levelof manure input, got slow under high level of manure input. This slow down of the yield increment was more severe in napiergrass than sorgo and under longer cutting interval in napiergrass. It was inferred that the higher the leaf area index, the slower the yield increment. On the other hand, the root weight of sorgo was significantly increased by the increment of level of manure input and that of napiergrass was not increased. The mechanisms of this specific difference in root growth and the relation of the root growth and the yield increment were not clarified. Although there was not found any accumulatin of inorganic nitrogen in the field of both grasses, the nitrate nitrogen was accumulated to the higher level than the dangerous level for cattles, in the stem of napiergrass grown under the highest level of manure input. This was seemed to be brought about by the slow down of yield increment. The mechanism of this slow down should be clarified in the future.

Napiergrass具有很强的吸收土壤中矿物质的能力，并具有很高的产草量。因此，通过将有机肥施入狼尾草地，可以避免畜牧业中因有机肥积累而造成的环境污染，并获得较高的牧草产量。为了验证这一预期的实现，并阐明实现这一预期的草的生长特性，在不同施肥水平下比较了草和甜高粱的生长，最高施肥水平为490 t/hm 2鲜重，两种草的干物质产量均随施肥水平的增加而增加。但在高施肥水平下，产量随施肥水平的增加而增加的速度变慢。在较长的刈割间隔期内，狼尾草比甜高粱的产量增长速度慢得多。推测叶面积指数越大，产量增长越慢。随着施肥水平的增加，甜高粱的根重显著增加，而狼尾草的根重没有增加。这种根系生长差异的机理以及根系生长与产量的关系尚不清楚。虽然两种牧草在田间均未发现无机氮的积累，但在最高施肥水平下，硝态氮在狼尾草茎中的积累超过了对牛的危害水平。这似乎是由于产量增长缓慢所致。这种减缓的机制应在今后加以澄清。

项目成果

ITO,K.: "Avoidance of environmental pollution and high forage yield by growing napiergrass." Japanese Journal of Crop Science. Vol.64. (1995)

ITO,K.：“通过种植尿草可以避免环境污染并提高饲料产量。”

伊藤浩司: "ネピアグラスの栽培による糞尿公害の回避と粗飼料の多収" 日本作物学会紀事. 64. (1995)

伊藤浩二：“通过种植尿草来避免粪便污染并提高粗饲料产量”，日本作物科学会公报 64。（1995 年）。