Pathogenesis of Pulmonary Emphysema

中性粒细胞1。研究了烟草烟雾中尼古丁对中性粒细胞存活的影响。尼古丁以剂量相关的方式延长了神经元的存活时间。提取的DNA经透射电镜和电泳分析表明，尼古丁抑制中性粒细胞增殖.本文研究了烟草烟雾对中性粒细胞的过滤性。暴露于烟雾的中性粒细胞显示超微结构异常和滤过性降低。过滤性的降低是由于暴露在烟雾的气体成分中的氧化剂。尼古丁以浓度依赖的方式阻止了这种降低，尼古丁的作用是由于其抗氧化作用。烟酸或烟酰胺可抑制氧化剂所致的肺损伤。这些药物可防止氧化应激引起的NAD含量下降.培养的支气管上皮细胞被H2O2暴露以浓度和时间依赖性方式损伤。烟酸、烟酰胺、茶碱或DBcAMP可抑制H2O2引起的上皮细胞损伤，烟酸可抑制H2O2引起的细胞内ATP含量的降低。

Neutrophil1. Effects of nicotine in the tabacco smoke on neutrophil survival were investigated. Neutrophil survival prolonged with nicotine in dose related fashion. A transmission electron microscopy and electrophoresis of the exracted DNA revealed that nicotine inhibits neutrophil apoptosis.2. Filtrability of neutrophils exposed to tabacco smoke was investigated. Neutrophils exposed to the smoke showed ultrastructural abnormalities and a decreased filtrability. The decrease in filtrability was due to exposure of oxidants in the gas components of the smoke. Nicotine prevented the decrease in concentration dependent fashion and the effect of nicotine was due to antioxidant effects.Lung injury induced by oxidant1. Lung injury induced by oxidant was inhibited by niacin or nicotinamide. These agents prevented a decrease in NAD which was induced by oxidant exposure.2. Cultured bronchial epithelial cells were damaged by H202 exposure in concentration- and time-dependent fashion. The epithelial damage induced by H202 was inhibited by an addition of niacin, nicotinamide, theophilline, or DBcAMP.Niacin inhibited a decrease in intracellular ATP which was brought about by H202 exposure.