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SWELLING AND SHRINKAGE OF THE NASAL MUCOSA MEASURED BY ACOUSTIC RHINOMETRY

通过声学鼻腔测量法测量鼻粘膜的肿胀和收缩

基本信息

批准号：
05671412
负责人：
UNNO Tokuji
金额：
$ 0.9万
依托单位：
ASAHIKAWA MEDICAL COLLEGE
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1993
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1993 至 1994
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

Acoustic rhinometry measures cross-sectional areas of the nasal cavity at every predetermined distance along the axis parallel to the nasal floor and septum. An area-distance curve can be depicted using FFT (Fast Fourier Transform) from incident and reflected sound waves. The length of the nesal cavity excluding the vestibulum is divided into three parts. Comparison of the volume of each part was accomplished by mathematical integration of anterior, middle and posterior parts before and after application of the vasoactive agents.Oxymetazoline and phenylephrine directly affected the receptors and shrank the nasal mucosa. This reaction was almost completely blocked by pretreatment of their antagonists. Late swelling observed after application of epinephrine was considered to be alpha_2-induced because of its inhibition by yohimbine. Swelling was similarly observed after attachment of a disc soaked in histamine or leukotriene solution or allergen extracts. Decreased air space due to swollen mucosa was rcognized but was too unstable to understand its mechanism.Relationships between nasal patency and cross-sectional area were examined by cylindrical model consisting of plural acrylic plates with a variously sized hole in the center. Patency of a model constructed from an area-distance curve was rhinomanometrically much better than that of the original nasal cavity. It was concluded that airflow resistance of a cylinder with continuously changing dimensions was modified by various aerodynamic factors.

声反射测量法测量鼻腔在沿着平行于鼻底和鼻中隔的轴线的每一预定距离处的横截面积。面积-距离曲线可以使用来自入射声波和反射声波的FFT（快速傅立叶变换）来描绘。鼻腔长度（不包括前庭）分为三部分。应用血管活性药物前后，通过对前、中、后部分的数学积分来比较各部分的体积，羟甲唑啉和苯乙双胍直接作用于受体，使鼻粘膜收缩。这种反应几乎完全阻断其拮抗剂的预处理。应用肾上腺素后观察到的迟发性肿胀被认为是α_2诱导的，因为育亨宾对其有抑制作用。在连接浸泡在组胺或白三烯溶液或过敏原提取物中的椎间盘后，同样观察到肿胀。由于黏膜肿胀导致的鼻腔通气量减少是公认的，但其机制尚不明确，因此，我们采用多块中心开有不同大小孔的丙烯酸板组成的圆柱模型，研究了鼻腔通畅性与鼻腔横截面积之间的关系。根据面积-距离曲线构建的模型的通畅性比原始鼻腔的通畅性好得多。结果表明，各种气动因素对连续变尺度圆柱体的气流阻力有一定的修正作用。