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Studies on the energy acquisition by the deep-sea benthos using colloidal gold and radioisotopes.

利用胶体金和放射性同位素研究深海底栖生物的能量获取。

基本信息

批准号：
06454008
负责人：
SHIRAYAMA Yoshihisa
金额：
$ 4.29万
依托单位：
The University of Tokyo
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (B)
财政年份：
1994
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1994 至 1995
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

The ingestion rate of meiobenthos has been measured using a radioisotope as a tracer. However, this methods tended to overstimate, bacause of the direct use of the tracer by the organisms. In the present study, I firstly intended to develop a new method to measure the ingestion rate of meiobenthos using colloidal gold as a tracer. However, gold was found to be not suitable as a tracer because it is difficult to distinguish gold from zinc in the energy diffusive X-ray analysis (EDX). Use of iron instead of gold as a tracer, on the other hand, gave excellent reslts. It was especially advantageous to use colloidal iron than gold, because ingestion rates could be quantified accurately not by the time consuming method that the observation fo ultra-thin sectinis using transmission electron microscope, but rather easier way that using EDX equipped with the scanning electron microscope. Using this new method, ingestion rates of four species of shallow water nematodes in Otsuchi Bay could be measured accurately. With data on respiration rates and seasonal fluctuation of nematode aseemblages, the yearly production of nematode communtity also could be measured directly. In the beginning, I intended to use the new method to measure the ingestion rates of deep-sea meiobenthos. However, dut to the delay in developing the new method, I missed the chance to apply the new method of using colloidal iron to the deep-sea species, but I simply used colloidal gold as a during the Hakuho Maru cruise to the Antarctic Ocean. The radiation analysis is the most sensitive to measure the gold quantitatively. I woul like to apply the method to the materials I obtained during the cruise. In addition, I would like to fed iron labeled POC to the deep-sea animals in situ using manned submersible.

使用放射性同位素作为示踪剂测量了小型底栖动物的摄食率。然而，由于生物体直接使用示踪剂，这种方法往往会高估。在本研究中，我首先打算开发一种使用胶体金作为示踪剂来测量小型底栖动物摄食率的新方法。然而，人们发现金不适合作为示踪剂，因为在能量扩散X射线分析（EDX）中很难区分金和锌。另一方面，使用铁代替金作为示踪剂，得到了极好的结果。使用胶体铁比金特别有利，因为可以准确地量化摄入率，而不是通过使用透射电子显微镜观察超薄切片的耗时方法，而是使用配备扫描电子显微镜的EDX更简单的方法。利用这种新方法，可以准确测量大槌湾四种浅水线虫的摄食率。利用线虫群落的呼吸速率和季节波动数据，还可以直接测量线虫群落的年产量。一开始，我打算用新方法来测量深海小型底栖动物的摄食率。但由于新方法开发迟缓，我错过了将胶体铁新方法应用到深海物种的机会，只是在白凤丸号前往南极海域时简单地使用了胶体金作为方法。辐射分析是定量测量黄金最灵敏的方法。我想将这个方法应用到我在航行中获得的材料上。此外，我还想利用载人潜水器向深海动物原位喂食带有POC标记的铁。