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Development of Biomonitoring System using Deep-Sea Organisms in a Pressurized Chamber.

在加压室中利用深海生物开发生物监测系统。

基本信息

批准号：
08558061
负责人：
SHIRAYAMA Yoshihisa
金额：
$ 3.46万
依托单位：
KYOTO UNIVERSITY (1997-1998)The University of Tokyo (1996)
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A)
财政年份：
1996
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1996 至 1998
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-08558061/
关键词：
Biomonitoring Nematodes Foraminifers Pressurized Chamber Effects of low pH Effects of high CO2 concetration 高圧飼育実験装置深海生物線虫類有孔虫類

项目摘要

First of all, we established a pressurized chamber, in which a deep-sea meiofaunal organisms such as nematodes could be cultured for at least 2 weeks. The chamber can control the pressure inside the chamber up to 200 atm. In addition, it is possible to change the culturing sea water without decompression. Using this chamber, we tried to measure the survival of deep-sea nematodes in a high concentration of CO2, and found they are as sensitive as shallow water species to the low pH environment. In addition to the survival rate, we tried to measure the respiration rate of the meiofaunal organisms using a plastic that emits fluorescent light the intensity of which depends on the dissolved oxygen concentration of the sea water. The method seemed promising, but the absolute figure was not obtained because the pressure affected the light intensity. Further research is needed to calibrate the light intensity to the dissolved oxygen concentration in a high-pressure environment. We tried to cult … More ure foraminifers as well as nematodes. The formers are more interesting because they have a calcium carbonate external skeleton, which easily will be dissolved in low pH water. However, because the calcium carbonate exoskeleton is easy to be dissolved in high-pressure water, too, it was impossible to observe the biological effects of low pH on foraminifers in a high- pressure condition. In 1997, the head investigator moved from the Ocean Research Institute, the University of Tokyo, to Seto Marine Biological Laboratory, Kyoto University. With this movement, we concentrated to observe the effects of low pH on various marine organisms that have calcium carbonate skeleton more precisely over a longer period. This experiment revealed that as low as 2000 ppm of CO2 strongly affects on the physiological condition of marine organisms. For example, the weight of the shell of a species of snail decreased significantly, and only a half of individuals could survive over two months of experiment. The result suggests that the estimated future concentration of CO2 (700 ppm) might affect seriously on marine organisms, and more precise research is necessary to understand the environmental impact of increased concentration of CO2 in the atmosphere. Less

首先，我们建立了一个加压室，在其中可以培养至少2周的深海小型底栖生物，如线虫。该腔室可以将腔室内的压力控制在高达200个大气压。此外，可以在不减压的情况下改变培养海水。使用这个腔室，我们试图测量深海线虫在高浓度CO2中的存活率，发现它们和浅水物种一样对低pH环境敏感。除了存活率外，我们还尝试使用一种发出荧光的塑料来测量小型底栖生物的呼吸率，这种荧光的强度取决于海水中溶解的氧浓度。该方法似乎很有前途，但由于压强影响光强，无法获得绝对值。需要进一步的研究来校准高压环境中的溶解氧浓度的光强度。我们试图崇拜 ...更多信息有孔虫和线虫。前者更令人感兴趣，因为它们具有碳酸钙外骨架，很容易溶于低pH值的水中。然而，由于碳酸钙外骨骼也容易溶解在高压水中，因此不可能观察到高压条件下低pH对有孔虫的生物学效应。1997年，首席调查员从东京大学海洋研究所调到京都大学濑户海洋生物实验室。通过这一运动，我们集中精力在更长的时间内更精确地观察低pH值对各种具有碳酸钙骨架的海洋生物的影响。该实验表明，低至2000 ppm的CO2强烈影响海洋生物的生理状况。例如，一种蜗牛的壳的重量显著下降，只有一半的个体可以在两个月的实验中存活。结果表明，估计未来的CO2浓度（700 ppm）可能会对海洋生物产生严重影响，有必要进行更精确的研究，以了解大气中CO2浓度增加对环境的影响。少