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Relationship Between Heterogeneity in Germination and Growth and Structure of Soil and Soil Layr in Large-sized Direct Sown Paddy Field

大型直播稻田发芽生长异质性与土壤及土层结构的关系

基本信息

批准号：
06454104
负责人：
YAMAJI Eiji
金额：
$ 3.33万
依托单位：
The University of Tokyo
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (B)
财政年份：
1994
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1994 至 1995
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-06454104/
关键词：
Large-sized Paddy Field Direct Sowing Heterogeneity Density of Seedling 直播生育の不均一性

项目摘要

The research activity in the fiscal year of 1995 is the continuation of field survey on heterogeneity of germination and growth, structure of soil and soil layr and experiment of germination and growth in lysimeters.The field survey was done in the paddy field area in Sakura city, Chiba prefecture.Heterogeneity of seed density is smaller in the case of mist machine and larger in the case of hericopter.The average of density is easy for controling but standard deviation of density is difficult for controling.But the heterogeneity in standard deviation is critical for the possibility of spacity, which decreases the yield.On the soil and aoil layr, characteristics of soil physics, soil chemistry(fertility)and levelling conditins are surveyed.As a result, it became clear that soil hardness is the important factor for growth of roots and plant.Lysimeter experiment has made clear of the relationship between individual density and growth ; i.e.when the distance between seeds are 2 to 20 cm, the rates of growth does not changed.As the result, in the case of direct seeding by random seedling, to avoid too much sparce places is the most important method.And for ensuring homogenerous germination and growth, the management of soil and soil layr is very important as wall as homogenerous seedling method.

1995年度的研究活动是继续进行发芽和生长的异质性、土壤和土层结构的实地调查以及在蒸渗仪中进行发芽和生长试验。实地调查在樱花市的稻田地区进行，在千叶县，种子密度的异质性在喷雾机的情况下较小，在喷雾机的情况下较大。密度的平均值为密度标准差易控制，但密度标准差不易控制，而密度标准差的不均匀性又是造成空间分布不均匀的关键，从而影响产量。在土壤和水层上，对土壤物理、土壤化学特性进行了研究，（生育力）和平整条件进行子调查。结果，土壤硬度是影响根系和植株生长的重要因素，蒸渗仪试验明确了个体密度与生长的关系;结果表明，在采用随机苗直播时，最重要的措施是避免出现太多的稀疏地，而要保证种子的均匀萌发和生长，土壤和土层的管理与均匀苗法一样重要。