Trans-Disciplinery Study on Irrigation Technique Transfer Projects from Viewpoint of Sustainable Regional Development

以粮食增产和农民增收为目的的灌溉开发工程，从1950年的S到1980年的S，在20世纪90年代的S兴起，进入21世纪，在水资源问题成为全球性问题后，逐渐成为人们关注的焦点。我们调查了S写于1960年的各种文献，并采访了该项目的发起人。然后，从可持续发展的角度分析了日本官方发展援助资助的印尼塞拉威西岛、加瓦岛、巴厘岛和龙目岛的灌溉发展项目。在印度尼西亚东部，不仅传统的水资源开发项目，而且以节水和高生产率为目标的新项目最近也在不断涌现。在这些项目中，新技术的启发和传播正在进行中。在印度泰米尔纳德邦，位于城市边缘地区的传统坦克(水库)灌区在土地利用、用水和劳动力分配方面受到了破坏。通过案例研究，选取土地生产率、水分生产率、劳动生产率、与其他产业的竞争力等指标作为灌溉技术转移项目的评价指标。在项目过程中，农民、捐助者和地方政府等主要行为者之间的角色分配被提取为一个重要因素。

Irrigation Development Projects, aiming food production increase and rural income increase, had been spread in from 1950's to 1980's, however, the projects had depressed in 1990's, then became into the spotlight in the 21st century, after the water problems have become a global issue..First, our team analyzed irrigation projects in Japan holistically, especially in Aichi Yousui irrigation project, in which the eagerness of water users is very high. We investigated various documents written in 1960's and made interviews to the promoters of the project. Then, irrigation development projects in Selawesi, Jawa, Bali and Lombok islands of Indonesia funded by Japanese ODA are analyzed from viewpoint of sustainability. In eastern Indonesia, not only traditional water resource development projects but also new projects which aim water saving and high productivity have been spreading recently. In those projects, enlightenment and distribution of new techniques are in execution. And in some project area, improvement of farmers' income and increase of welfare are reported.In Tamil Nadu state in India, traditional tank (reservoir) irrigation areas located in urban fringe area are damaged in land use, water use and labor distribution. In which area, new orders should be pursued to lead to new sustainable conditions.Through these case studies, land productivity, water productivity, labor productivity, competitiveness with other industries and so on are chosen as evaluation indicators of irrigation technique transfer projects. And in the process of the projects, role allotments between main actors, such as farmers, donors and local governments, are extracted to be an important element.