Epidemiology and moleculorbiology on emvircnemnted and genetic factors for atheis sclirosis and thrombasis

对日本农村和城市社区居民、城市雇员和明尼苏达州高加索居民进行了血清总胆固醇和血浆纤维蛋白原的横断面和队列研究，以提取胆固醇和纤维蛋白原的主要环境和遗传因素，并探讨这些因素在心血管疾病发展中的作用。主要结果如下：1.与血浆纤维蛋白原相关的主要因素为年龄、吸烟、女性正相关、海鲜摄入量负相关。日本人β-纤维蛋白原B2、H2和HD2等位基因的患病率低于高加索人。在每个群体中，具有B2、H2和HD2等位基因的人群的血浆纤维蛋白原水平高于没有这些等位基因的人群。这些遗传因素的较低患病率和鱼类的高摄入量在一定程度上导致日本人的血浆纤维蛋白原平均水平低于高加索人。…载脂蛋白B基因R2等位基因与血清总胆固醇水平相关。然而，日本人R2等位基因的患病率低于高加索人。因此，日本人的血清胆固醇水平低于高加索人并不能用这种多态的种族差异来解释。在日本人中，由于R2等位基因的患病率较低，随着饮食的西化，血清胆固醇水平将进一步上升。根据大阪居民心肌梗死的病例对照研究，血浆纤维蛋白原与心肌梗死的风险相关，血清总胆固醇、高血压和吸烟也与心肌梗死的风险相关。根据一项对农村和城市居民的队列研究，血浆纤维蛋白原与随后的脑梗塞和冠心病的风险呈正相关。血清总胆固醇与患冠心病的风险相关，但与脑梗塞的风险无关。在城市男性员工中，血清总胆固醇与脑梗塞和冠心病的风险都相关。较少

Cross-sectional and cohort studies on serum total cholesterol and plasma fibrinogen, putative risk factors for cerebral infarction and coronary heart disease were conducted in Japanese residents of rural and urban communities, urban employees and Minnesota Caucasian residents to extract major environmental and genetic factors for cholesterol and fibrinogen, and to examine contribution of these factors to the development of cardiovascular disease. The follow are principal results.1. Major correlates for plasma fibrinogen was age, smoking, female in postive association, and seafood intake in inverse association.2. The prevalence of B2, H2, and Hd2 alleles of beta-fibrinogen were lower in Japanese than in Caucasians. Within each population, plasma fibrinogen was higher in these with B2, H2 and Hd2 alleles than in those without them. A lower prevalence of these genetic factors and a high intake of fish contributed in part to a lower mean of plasma fibrinogen in Japanese than in Caucasians. … More 3. R2 allele of Apo B polymorphism was associated with a lower concentration of serum total cholesterol. The prevalence of R2 allele was, however, lower in Japanese than in Caucasians. Thus, a lower serum cholesterol level in Japanese than in Caucasians was not explained by race difference in this polymorphism. Among Japanese, serum cholesterol levels will rise further with westernization of diet because of the lower prevalence of R2 allele.4. According to a case-control study of myocardial infarction among Osaka residents, plasma fibrinogen was associated with the risk of myocardial infarction as did serum total cholesterol, hypertension and cigarette smoking.5. According to a cohort study in rural and urban residents, plasma fibrinogen was positively associated with the risk of subsequent cerebral infarction and coronary heart disease. Serum total cholesterol was associated with the risk of coronary heart disease, but not with the risk of cerebral infarction. Among urban male employees, serum total cholesterol was associated with the risk of both cerebral infarction and coronary heart disease. Less