How stalk cells provide for salt bladder-based salinity tolerance to quinoa.

作为一种新兴的国际作物，盐生藜藜在促进全球粮食安全方面具有巨大潜力。藜麦和大部分盐生植物一样，使用所谓的膀胱细胞来排出多余的盐。这些叶结构由特化的毛状体形成，所述特化的毛状体由表皮细胞、柄细胞和囊细胞组成。通过分子和生物物理分析，我们已经获得了介导盐输入到膀胱细胞的转运蛋白的第一个见解。钠，氯和代谢物，膀胱进口从叶，需要穿梭在柄细胞。因此，茎细胞作为选择性过滤器和通量控制器操作。在本项目中，我们将研究茎细胞的运输生物学，以了解假谷类作物藜麦中基于盐囊的耐盐性，为培育具备耐盐性的作物品种提供知识。

As an emerging international crop, the halophyte Chenopodium quinoa has great potential to enhance global food security. Quinoa, like a large fraction of halophytes, use so-called bladder cells to dump excess salt. These leaf structures are formed by specialized trichomes consisting of an epidermis cell, a stalk cell and the bladder cell. Through molecular and biophysical analyses, we have gained first insights on the transporters that mediate salt import in to the bladder cell. Sodium, chloride and metabolites, which the bladder imports from the leaf, need to be shuttled across the stalk cell. The stalk cell thus operates as a selectivity filter and flux controller. In this project, we will examine the transport biology of stalk cells to understand salt bladder-based salt tolerance in the pseudo-cereal crop plant quinoa, to provide knowledge for breeding crop varieties equipped to tolerate soil salinity.