How stalk cells provide for salt bladder-based salinity tolerance to quinoa.

藜麦作为一种新兴的国际粮食作物，在提升全球粮食安全方面具有巨大潜力。藜麦和很大一部分盐生植物一样，使用所谓的膀胱细胞来倾倒多余的盐分。这些叶结构是由特化的毛状体形成的，毛状体由表皮细胞、柄细胞和膀胱细胞组成。通过分子和生物物理分析，我们对介导盐进入膀胱细胞的转运体有了初步的了解。膀胱从叶子输入的钠、氯化物和代谢物需要在茎细胞中穿梭。因此，秸秆电池作为选择性过滤器和流量控制器运行。在本项目中，我们将研究茎细胞的运输生物学，以了解伪谷类作物藜麦基于盐囊的耐盐性，为培育具有耐盐碱能力的作物品种提供知识。

As an emerging international crop, the halophyte Chenopodium quinoa has great potential to enhance global food security. Quinoa, like a large fraction of halophytes, use so-called bladder cells to dump excess salt. These leaf structures are formed by specialized trichomes consisting of an epidermis cell, a stalk cell and the bladder cell. Through molecular and biophysical analyses, we have gained first insights on the transporters that mediate salt import in to the bladder cell. Sodium, chloride and metabolites, which the bladder imports from the leaf, need to be shuttled across the stalk cell. The stalk cell thus operates as a selectivity filter and flux controller. In this project, we will examine the transport biology of stalk cells to understand salt bladder-based salt tolerance in the pseudo-cereal crop plant quinoa, to provide knowledge for breeding crop varieties equipped to tolerate soil salinity.