The Hebrew-into-Latin Maimonides: A critical edition of the Dux neutrorum

这个项目的总体目的是呈现一个批判版的Dux neutrorum，即摩西·迈蒙尼德（Moses Maimonides）的《迷惘指南》的拉丁翻译。这部著作是最有影响力的犹太哲学和神学著作之一。从13世纪起，《指南》的拉丁文版跨越文化和宗教的界限，对拉丁语世界产生了巨大的影响。同时，《指南》也是12、13世纪从阿拉伯语到希伯来语再到拉丁语翻译运动的杰出典范。在12和13世纪，哲学著作的拉丁文翻译运动的主要成果之一是发展了一种特定的哲学术语，作为中世纪思想家反思的工具。这个拉丁版本今天由十三份手稿传播，以前从未编辑过。一个多世纪以来，《中立论》的批判版一直是科学界公开的渴望。缺乏可靠的文本提出了几个解释问题，以理解迈蒙尼德在拉丁作家中的接受。《指南》最初是在1180年至1191年间用犹太-阿拉伯语写成的，曾两次被翻译成希伯来语。13世纪上半叶，出现了拉丁文版本。既没有关于拉丁译者身份的信息，也没有关于其生产的时间和地点的信息。关于其地理起源，学者们提出了不同的假设：腓特烈二世的宫廷、法国南部、巴黎和加泰罗尼亚。该项目将根据以下四项任务进行组织：a)首次对《中立宣言III》进行严格编辑；b)将询问与希伯来文的关系；c)在文艺复兴时期，中立公爵的接受将被调查；d)将提供文本的数字版本。该项目可以建立在过去八年取得的大量初步成果的基础上。调查的拉丁手稿传统的Dux neutrorum，特别集中在第一部分和第二部分，已由PI进行。在整理的基础上，重建了手稿内部的关系。Dux neutrorum I的批判版已经完成，而Dux neutrorum II的批判版目前正在进行中。有了第三部分的版本，中立义务的批判版本就完成了。该项目的特点是采用跨学科和多语言的方法，这为首次在语言学上可靠的文本基础上完成对迈蒙尼德拉丁语接受的彻底研究提供了条件。这种方法旨在将《中立之道》与其希伯来语来源联系起来。该项目将与目前在特拉维夫大学举行的《指南》希伯来语版批判版项目密切合作。

The general purpose of this project is to present a critical edition of the Dux neutrorum, the Latin translation of Moses Maimonides’ Guide of the Perplexed. This work counts among the most influential Jewish philosophical and theological texts. Crossing cultural and religious borders, the Latin version of the Guide had a tremendous impact on the Latin speaking world from the 13th century onwards. At the same time, the Guide is an outstanding example of the translation movement from Arabic into Hebrew into Latin in the 12th and 13th century. One of the major outcomes of the translation movement of philosophical works into Latin in the 12th- and 13th-century has been the development of a specific philosophical terminology that served as an instrument for the reflection of medieval thinkers. This Latin version is today transmitted by thirteen manuscripts and has never been edited before. For more than a century, the critical edition of the Dux neutrorum has been an open desideratum of the scientific community. The absence of a reliable text raises several interpretative problems for the understanding of Maimonides’ reception among Latin authors. Originally composed in Judeo-Arabic between 1180 and 1191, the Guide was translated into Hebrew twice. During the first half of the 13th century, a Latin version appeared. There neither is information on the identity of the Latin translator nor on the time and place of its production. Concerning its geographical origin, scholars formulated different assumptions: the court of Frederick II, Southern France, Paris and Catalonia. The project will be structured according to four tasks: a) The Dux neutrorum III will be critically edited for the first time; b) The relation with the Hebrew text will be inquired; c) The Dux Neutrorum’s reception in the Renaissance will be investigated; d) A digital version of the text will be made available. The project can build on substantial preliminary results achieved over the past eight years. Investigations into the Latin manuscript tradition of the Dux neutrorum, focused especially on part I and part II, have been conducted by the PI. On the basis of the collation, the relations within the manuscripts have been reconstructed. The critical edition of Dux neutrorum I has been completed, while the critical edition of Dux neutrorum II is currently in progress. With the edition of Part III, the critical edition of the Dux neutrorum would be complete. The project is characterized by an interdisciplinary and multi-linguistic approach, which provides the conditions to complete for the first time a thorough study of Maimonides’ Latin reception based on a philologically reliable text. This approach aims at contextualizing the Dux neutrorum in relation with its Hebrew source. The project will advance in strict collaboration with the on-going project on the critical edition of the Guide’s Hebrew version held at the Tel Aviv University.