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Facilitation and Interference in Visual Processing of Words and Pictures

文字和图片视觉处理的促进和干扰

基本信息

批准号：
60450011
负责人：
GORYO Ken
金额：
$ 2.82万
依托单位：
Chiba University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (B)
财政年份：
1985
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1985 至 1986
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-60450011/
关键词：
Priming Effect Kanji Kana Stroop Effect Voice Reaction Time Graphemic Coding Phonological Coding Semantic Coding

项目摘要

The purpose of this investigation was to see whether there are any differences in visual processes of Japanese letters,i.e. kanji and kana and pictures(line drawings of familiar objects), measuring voice reaction times for the words and pictures. Main findings were as follows.PRIMING EFFECT IN VOICE REACTION TIME FOR KANJI AND KANA WORDS:Tested prime-target relations were; Same scripts(kanji-kanji or kana-kana),same sounds(same words in kanji-kana) and similar meanings (war-peace, flower-tulip). We found similarity or sameness in shape, sound and meaning caused large facilitatory priming effect on the voice reaction times for the test words in all cases. We found also the same tendencies in the case of auditory prime word to visual target, and in lexical decision task.STROOP TYPE INTERFERENCE EFFECT IN PICTURE NAMING TASK:@pICTURES with congruent words(their names), with incongruent words and with nonsense words were presented and the subjects were asked to name the pictures. Analyses of the picture naming times revealed facilitatory priming effect for the congruent condition and inhibitory effect for the nonsense word condition.On the bases of above findings, theoretical discussions were made on visual processes of Japanese characters.

本研究的目的是观察日语字母的视觉过程是否存在差异。汉字、假名和图片（熟悉物体的线条画），测量语音对单词和图片的反应时间。主要研究结果如下。汉字假名词语音反应时的启动效应：测试了启动-目标关系相同的文字（汉字-汉字或假名-假名），相同的声音（汉字-假名中的相同单词）和相似的含义（战争-和平，花-郁金香）。我们发现，在所有情况下，形状、声音和意义上的相似或相同都会对语音反应时间产生较大的促进启动效应。在听觉启动词到视觉目标的情况下，以及在词汇决策任务中，我们也发现了同样的趋势。图片命名任务中的STROOP型干扰效应：呈现单词一致（人名）、单词不一致和单词无意义的图片，要求被试对图片进行命名。对图片命名时间的分析表明，图片命名时间对全称条件具有促进启动效应，对无意义词条件具有抑制启动效应。在此基础上，对日文文字的视觉过程进行了理论探讨。