Interaction between visual-motor coordination and higher-order cognitive processes

我们在其他地方提出了一个假设，即人类的认知过程可以分为两个过程，即知觉过程和高阶认知过程。知觉过程的早期部分与随后的知觉运动协调有关，它们共同构成了稳定的知觉世界的基础。高阶认知，例如阅读，是基于由此产生的感知世界。为了验证这一假设，我们研究了倒置视觉下感知、认知和行为功能的适应性变化。两名男学生连续佩戴护目镜12天，使每只眼睛的视野围绕视线旋转180°。测试了受试者的阅读和一些动作，如写作、眼球运动、用食指触摸视觉目标等。同时还测试了几种知觉适应，如双目立体视的变化。此外，我们还检查了正常视力下的触摸行为。结果表明，早期知觉过程和知觉运动过程对倒置视野的适应速度较快。但受试者报告整个视觉世界和视觉字母总是出现颠倒。这些结果支持了这一假设，并表明视觉转换主要影响早期知觉和知觉运动过程。

We have proposed elsewhere a hypothesis that human cognitive process can be devided into two processes, i.e., perceptual and higher-order cognitive processes. Early parts of the perceptual processes are related to subsequent perceptual-motor coordination, and together they are basis for the stable perceptual world. The higher-order cognitive ones, e.g., reading, are based on the resulting perceptual world. To test the hypothesis, we examined adaptive changes of perceptual, cognitive, and behavioral functions under inverted vision. Two male students wore goggles continuously for 12 days which rotated the visual field of each eye 180ﾟ around the line of sight. The subjects were tested on reading and some actions, i.e., writing, eye movements, touching visual targets with the forefinger, and so on. They were also tested on several kinds of perceptual adaptation, e.g., changes of binocular stereopsis. In addition, we examined the touching behavior under normal vision. It was shown that the early perceptual and perceptual-motor processes rapidly adapted to the inverted visual field. But the subjects reported that the whole visual world and visual letters always appeared inverted. These results support the hypothesis and indicate that visual transformation primalily affects the early perceptual and perceptual-motor processes.