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The views of Jiyu-Minken-Undo on State and International Society

Jiyu-Minken-Undo 对国家和国际社会的看法

基本信息

批准号：
60450071
负责人：
WADA Mamoru
金额：
$ 2.11万
依托单位：
SHIZUOKA UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (B)
财政年份：
1985
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1985 至 1986
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-60450071/
关键词：
Jiyu-Minken-Undo Liberalism Nationalism 国民国家藩閥政府自由党立憲改進党

项目摘要

1 What type of State did Jiyu-Minken-Undo(The Movement for Liberty and Democracy, hereafter abbreviated as JMU) want to construct, and what image of international society did it have at that time? In approaching this problem we investigated the views of JMU on international society on the one hand and on civil rights and local politics on the other hand.2 JMU had the same view on international society as that of Meiji Government leaders. Both thought that power politics was the rule of international society and that international law was not reliable. They considered that to make Japan a powerful imperialistic State was the way to defend her independence. The difference between them consisted in their methods. Government leaders attached importance to the concentration of powers and JMU leaders to the enlargement of support among nationals. JMU did not try to apply democracy to international society. It did not think of changing the imperialistic character of international law. It was Kokumin-Shugi(Nationalism Movement), and its leader Kuga Katsunan, which combined democracy in internal society and that in international society. Kuga defended civil rights and deplored despotic policies of Meiji Government on the one hand and urged for making international law more democratic on the other hand.3 Concerning civil rights and local politics we followed the activities of some local JMU societies and analysed draft constitutions and the dispute on sovereignty. It became clear from this analysis that tha proposals for Diet and constitutional government were based on the concrete demands of people in their every day life. Consolidation of local self-government was also demanded because local councils were the main channels for local leaders to push their opinions out. This was conspicuous in the district where big farmers joined in the Movement, for instance in Shizuoka.

1自由民主运动(以下简称JMU)想要建立一个什么样的国家，当时它的国际社会形象如何？在处理这一问题时，我们调查了日本民盟对国际社会以及民权和地方政治的看法。2民盟对国际社会的看法与明治政府领导人的观点相同。两人都认为强权政治是国际社会的规则，国际法是不可靠的。他们认为，使日本成为一个强大的帝国主义国家是捍卫其独立的途径。他们的不同之处在于他们的方法。政府领导人重视权力的集中，JMU领导人重视扩大国民之间的支持。JMU没有试图将民主应用于国际社会。它没有考虑改变国际法的帝国主义性质。将国内社会的民主和国际社会的民主结合在一起的是国民舒吉(民族主义运动)及其领导人Kuga Katsunan。库加一方面捍卫民权，谴责明治政府的专制政策，另一方面敦促使国际法更加民主。3关于民权和地方政治，我们跟踪了一些地方民盟社团的活动，分析了宪法草案和主权争端。从这一分析中可以清楚地看出，关于国会和宪政的建议是基于人们在日常生活中的具体要求。还要求巩固地方自治，因为地方议会是地方领导人发表意见的主要渠道。这一点在大农场主加入运动的地区表现得很明显，例如在静冈。