Fundamental Study on Ion Transport at Membrane Surface and Response Mechanism of Ion-Selective Electrodes.

在本研究中，离子在离子选择性电极的固/液和液/液界面的传输和分布已被测量的几种光谱方法。这些测量的目的是：在膜表面的离子选择性电荷分离的机制，确定检测限的因素，超级或子能恩斜率的原因，以及影响响应时间的因素。并对溶剂萃取法和液膜离子选择电极法进行了方法学比较研究。在这两年中取得的研究项目是：1）液膜离子选择电极和溶剂萃取在液膜本体和表面的电中性和电荷分离方面的方法学比较研究。2）CuS基Cu（II）离子选择电极在金属缓冲溶液中的行为：膜表面响应的化学计量及其与观察到的膜电位的相关性。3）本文研究了中性载液膜表面的离子迁移和膜电位及其与膜电位的相关性。4）DsS基离子选择性电极的响应与晶体学极性的关系。5）光-电-化学反应。6）LaF_3单晶表面化学计量和膜电位的研究：XPS、ICP、离子色谱和离子选择性电极研究。

In the present study, transport and distribution of ions at solid/liquid and liquid/liquid interfaces of ion-selective electrodes have been measured by means of several spectroscopic methods. The objectives of such measurements were: mechanism of ion-selective charge separation at the membrane surface, factors which determine the detection limit, causes of super or sub Nerntian slopes, and factors which influence the response time. Also, the methodological compa rative study between solvent extraction and liquid membrane ion-selective electrodes was performed for the same purpose. The items of study which were achieved during these two years are:1) Methodological comparative study between liquid membrane ion-selective electrodes and solvent extraction in terms of electroneutrality and charge separation at the bulk and surface of the liquid membrane.2) Behavior of CuS based Cu(II) ion-selective electrode in metal buffer solutions: Stoichiometry of the response at the membrane surface and its correlation with the observed membrane potentials.3) Ion transport and membrane potentials at the surface of neutral carrier liquid membranes and ita correlation with the observed membrane potentials.4) Dependence of response of DsS based ion-selective electrode on crystallographic polarity.5) Photo-responsive crown-ether compounds as a probe for the fundamental study of membrane potentials at the surface of liquid membrane ion-selective electrodes.6) Stoichiometry and membrane potentials at the surface of LaF_3single crystals: Study with XPS, ICP,ion-chromatography and ion-selective electrode.