Fundamental Study on Membrane Surface Chemistry for Ion-Selective Electrodes

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In this study, some atomic/molecular level mechanisms of charge-separation chemistry taking place at the surface of solid, liquid, and molecularlayr membranes have been clarified. Also, several new types of ion sensors have been developed.Major results obtained are as follows :1. As new modes of ionic recognition for developing ion sensors, electrostatic, complementary base-pairing, multitopic hydrogen bondings, inclusion into a hydrophobic cavity, pi-pi interations or multitopic recognitions using more than one type of recongnition processes are all exploited.2. On the basis of the above studies, several new ion sensors for bioactive organic ions including ATP^<4->・GMP^<2->・GTP^<4->・ and dopamine are developed.3. FT-IR ATR and optical second harmonic generation (SHG) are used to directly observe the permselective processes at one mum (IR-ATR)-and Debye-length (SHG)-level depth profiles at the surfaces of ionophore incorporated liquid membrane ion-selective electrodes. Also, ion scattering spectroscopy gave top-atomic-layr information at the surface of crystal-face-specific CdS single crystal based ionselective electrodes.