Application of Microparticulate Diets in Seed Production of Fish Larvae

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In the seed production of Ayu, flounder and red sea bream etc. for aquaculture, live foods such as the rotifer and Artemia Have been widely used However, it requires much facilities and labor to produce a desired amount of live food safely and constantly. Therefore, it is necessary to develope artificial diets as a substitute for the productivity of seed for fish culture.1. Dietary proteins having an essential amino acid pattern similar to that of body are likely to have a high nutritive value for fish. We made some microparticulate diets using various protein sources to simulate the amino acid patterns of the body protein of larval fish. The seed production of Ayu, flounder, red sea bream and carp was carried out with these microparticulate diets. The results indicated a nutritive value corresponding to the live food in terms of growth and survival rates.2. The application of microparticulate diets in the seed prodiction of flounder, protected from the albinism of flounder.3. The application of ascorbate-2-phosphate-Mg in microparticulate diets indicated a high growth and survival rates of Ayu larvae.4. The essential amino acids of Ayu, flounder, carp and Tilapia larvae were demonstrated by HPLC and radioanalyzer.5. The decrease of appetite, whitening of body colour, whitening of vertebra, scoliosis, and convulsions were obsearbed as a deficiency desease of <beta> -carotene, <alpha> -tocopherol, calciferol and menadione in Ayu larvae.6. In order to define the nutritional role of dietary phospholipids (PL) in larval fish, the PL classes and possible fatty acid combinations of phosphatidylcholine (PC) were investigated on the of food organisms such as the micro-algae and rotifers and larval fish. The major PC in the larval fish was those having fatty acid combinations of <C_(16)> <C_(20)> (mainly <C_(16:0)> <C_(20:5w3)> ). <C_(16)> <C_(22)> (mainly <C_(16:0)> <C_(22:6w3)> ), and <C_(18)> <C_(22)> (mainly <C_(18:0)> <C_(22:6w3)> and/or <C_(18:1w9)> <C_(22:6w3)> )