Nutrients in diet on the gonadal muturation of prawn

1.结果表明：1.投喂短颈蛤甲醇水溶性组分的日本对虾性腺指数（GSI）高于对照组.进行了两个实验，以确定在半纯化饲料中的饲料脂质对性腺发育的日本对虾的影响。所检测的特异性脂类有：（1）磷脂（PL）来源的磷脂酰乙醇胺（PE）、磷脂酰肌醇（PI）和磷脂酰胆碱（PC）;和（2），n-3高度不饱和脂肪酸（n-3 HUFA）二十碳五烯酸（EPA）和二十二碳六烯酸（DHA）。在第一个实验中，结果显示所有三种磷脂-PE，PI和PC对日本血吸虫性腺发育的促进作用相似（P>0.05）。不添加磷脂的饲料显著降低了性腺发育（p<0.05）。卵巢的磷脂模式反映了磷脂饲料的磷脂模式; PE、PI和PC分别在PE、PI和PC饲料中较高。此外，在对虾卵巢中，添加PE、PI和PC的饲料中n-3 HUFA的总百分比高于不添加PL的饲料，EPA+DHA的饲料中n-3 HUFA的总百分比高于单独添加EPA或DHA的饲料中n-3 HUFA的总百分比。DHA对GSI的影响大于EPA，卵巢、肝胰腺和肌肉脂肪酸组成反映了饲料处理的脂肪酸组成.通过饲养试验，研究了不同浓度维生素A和E对虾苗卵巢发育的影响。结果表明，补充维生素A和维生素E对提高去势雌鱼GSI是必要的，维生素A 15 mg/100 g饲料和维生素E 50 mg/100 g饲料即可达到此目的。

1. Gonadosomatic index (GSI) of kuruma prawn, Penaeus japonicus, fed the methanol-water soluble fraction from shortnecked clam was higher than control diet.2. Two experiments were conducted to determine the influence of dietary lipids in semi-purified diets on the gonadal development of P.japonicus. The specific lipids that were tested were : (1) phospholipid (PL) sources phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), phosphatidylinositol (PI) and phosphatidylcholine (PC) ; and (2), n-3 highly unsaturated fatty acids (n-3 HUFA) eicosapentaenoic acids (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acids (DHA).In the first experiment, results showed that all three phospholipids-PE,PI and PC has similar effects (P>0.05) in promoting gonadal development of ablated P.japonicus. The prawns fed phospholipid-unsupplemented diet had significantly reduced (p<0.05) gonadal development. The phospholipid pattern of the ovaries reflected those of the phospholipid diets ; PE,PI and PC were higher in PE,PI and PC diets, respectively. Moreover, in the prawn ovaries, the total percentage of n-3 HUFA was higher in PE,PI and PC-supplemented diets than that of the PL-deficient diet.Supplementation of EPA+DHA resulted in higher GSI compared to either EPA or DHA alone. Singly, DHA had a stronger influence on GSI than EPA.The ovarian, hepatopancreatic and muscle fatty acid composition reflected that fatty acid profile of the dietary treatments.3. A feeding experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of supplementing graded concentration of vitamins A and E on the ovarian development of kuruma prawn. The results showed the essentiality of supplemental vitamins A and E for increasing GSI of ablated female P.japonicus and 15mg of vitamin A/100g diet and 50mg of vitamin E/100g diet are sufficient for this purpose.