STUDIES ON ORGANIC ELECTROLYTES FOR BATTERIES

研究了几种有机溶剂和锂盐的组合作为常温锂电池的电解质。以碳酸丙烯酯（PC）、亚砜（SL）和二甲基亚砜（DMSO）为高介电常数溶剂，以1,2-二甲氧基乙烷（DME）、四氢呋喃（THF）等为低黏度溶剂。Li盐的电导率通过混合溶剂得到改善。在混合溶剂体系中获得最大电导率。<LiPF_6>溶液的电导率明显高于<LiClO_4>或<LiBF_4>，特别是在混合溶剂体系中。锂负极的充放电循环效率不仅与溶剂组成有关，还与电解盐有关。在电导率较高的电解质中观察到更高的效率。在<LiPF_6> /DMSO（或SL）-DME中，Ni衬底上的效率最高。当Al作为衬底时，Li在<LiClO_4>或<LiBF_4>的溶液中也具有较高的可再充电性。冠醚的加入对于提高pc基溶液的电导率和Li/ <TiS_2>电池的可充电性是有效的。

Several combinations of organic solvents and lithium (Li) salts were examined as the electrolytes of ambient temperature Li batteries. Propylene carbonate (PC), sulfolane (SL), and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) were used as the high permittivity solvents, and 1,2-dimethoxyethane (DME), tetrahydrofuran (THF) and the like were used as the low viscosity solvents. The conductivity of Li salts was improved by blending the solvents, ie. maximum conductivities were obtained in the mixed solvent systems. The <LiPF_6> solutions had much higher conductance than those of <LiClO_4> or <LiBF_4> , especially in the mixed solvent systems. The charge-discharge cycling efficiency of the Li negative electrode was markedly dependent not only on the solvent composition but the electrolytic salt. Higher efficiencies were observed in the electrolytes with higher conductivities. The highest efficiency on the Ni substrate was obtained in <LiPF_6> /DMSO(or SL)-DME. High rechargeability of Li was also expected in the solution containing <LiClO_4> or <LiBF_4> when Al was used as the substrate. The addition of crown ethers was effective for the improvements in the electrolytic conductivity of the PC-based solution and the recharge-ability of the Li/ <TiS_2> cell.