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Histrical Review of Development of Infrastructure and Its Impacts on Civilization of Japan

基础设施发展及其对日本文明影响的历史回顾

基本信息

批准号：
61490018
负责人：
KURODA Katsuhiko
金额：
$ 2.94万
依托单位：
KYOTO UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (B)
财政年份：
1986
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1986 至 1988
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

Present research aimes to perspect the development of infrastructures in Japan for creating new civilization based on their historical reviews. In the encient age in Japan, since the technology and engineering of design and construction of roads and bridges was undeveloped, and then the ship transportation sailing rivers and coasts was the main for phusical distribution and passenger transport and the ancient capitals was located considering the ship transportation. This hypothesis is assured through investigation of historical materials. National land management by ship transportation enforced the development of technologies of improvement of rivers and construction of ports and harbours. As this consequence the coastal area had been developed in Japan. This tendency has been continuously inherited to the modern age and results in the fact that there are one trading port or fishery port per every 8 km of the Japanese coast line. On the contrary, roads was originally developed for mili … More tary use with horse stations. These stations was gradually developed as the towns of aggregation of inns because of collecting informations and goods. In the meantime grid-shape capitals modelling of those in China was the original of temple-centroid towns and castle towns. The construction of these capitals and local towns largely depended on the miported technologies from China. It is no doubt that the development of Japan have largely depend on the ports and harbours since the ancient time. Thus the research focusses on the development of ports and harbours. In order to give convenience for its historical review, the data-base was made based on large volume of historical materials. Using this data-base, the relationhsip between the construction technology of porta and harbours and the socio-economic development. It is made clear that ports and harbours functioned originally as the base for transportation of slodiers, passengers and good, but after the Meiji Revolution in 1868 the function as base of inductrial production was enforced. They became big port-cities which are hintered by big industrial complex such as iron ＆ steel and/or petro-chemicals. However, the natural coast which has white sandy shore and blue pine trees are, on the contrary, destroyed through development of the coast. This leads the people away from the urban waterfront. But now it is re-focussed as a third space of national land for new utilization such as bases of information and comunication, international exchangeof people and culture and marine recreations. From the historical perspective, it could be said that the thechnology and development of coast and offshore have the important key the future development of Japan. Less

本研究旨在通过对日本基础设施的历史回顾，透视日本基础设施的发展，以创造新的文明。在日本古代，由于道路桥梁的设计和建造技术和工程还不发达，所以当时的物流和旅客运输主要是靠内河和沿海的船舶运输，古都的选址也是靠船舶运输。这一假设是通过对史料的调查而得到证实的。通过船舶运输的国家土地管理促进了河流治理和港口建设技术的发展。因此，日本的沿海地区得到了发展。这种趋势一直延续到现代，导致日本海岸线上每8公里就有一个贸易港或渔港。相反，道路最初是为军事目的而开发的。 ...更多信息与马站一起使用。这些驿站因收集信息和货物而逐渐发展为客栈聚集的城镇。同时，中国的网格状都城造型又是庙心城镇和城堡城镇的起源。这些都城和地方城镇的建设在很大程度上依赖于从中国引进的技术。毫无疑问，日本的发展自古以来就在很大程度上依赖于港口和港口。因此，研究的重点是港口和海港的发展。为了便于历史考察，本数据库是在大量史料的基础上建立的。利用该数据库，分析了港口建设技术与社会经济发展的关系。明确了港口最初是作为货物、旅客和货物的运输基地，但在1868年明治革命后，作为工业生产基地的作用得到加强。他们成为大港口城市，由钢铁和/或石油化工等大型工业联合体包围。然而，具有白色桑迪海岸和蓝色松树的天然海岸却相反地被海岸的开发所破坏。这导致人们远离城市滨水区。但现在它被重新定位为国土的第三空间，用于信息和通信基地，国际人员和文化交流以及海洋娱乐等新用途。从历史的角度来看，可以说，海岸和近海的技术和开发对日本未来的发展具有重要的关键作用。少