Coexistence of neuroactive substances in single neurons

I）单个运动神经元中神经活性物质的共存我们先前已经显示了乙酰胆碱（Ach）和降钙素基因相关肽在单个运动神经元中共存的发现。我们确定，使用药理学手段，与膈神经隔膜制备，这种肽增强肌肉收缩过程中的神经纤维的刺激或肌肉的直接刺激。这种作用可能是通过这种肽的受体而不是Ach受体产生的。此外，我们已经表明，CGRP也引起了增加环AMP在横纹肌中的剂量依赖mathlets.II）共存的神经活性物质在单一的感觉神经元我们已经证明，CGRP也共存与P物质（SP）在单个小尺寸的神经元中的感觉神经节。伤害性刺激导致感觉神经元中编码SP的前原甲素（PTTA）mRNA表达增强，表明SP与伤害性刺激的关系更为密切。 关于我们 n传导系统。另一方面，在背角，SP与脑啡肽（Enk）共存于单个神经元中。前脑啡肽原（PPE）mRNA的表达在伤害性刺激后1小时内增加，表明在脊髓背角水平，Enk比SP与伤害性感受传导系统的关系更密切。III）含有三种以上神经活性物质的神经元的存在臂旁外侧区含有许多含有CGRP、SP和神经降压素（NT）的神经元。损毁臂周外侧区外亚核可引起杏仁中央核内CGRP、SP和NT纤维消失。此外，这些肽能神经元在外侧亚核的分布模式非常相似，表明三种肽定位于单个神经元。免疫细胞化学双染分析表明，大部分SP神经元含有NT。替代连续切片的免疫组织化学分析表明，许多这些神经元也含有CGRP。为了研究三种以上神经活性物质在单个神经元中共存的意义，需要阐明神经受体的定位。我们现在正在解决这个问题。少

I) Coexistence of neuroactive substances in single motor neurons We have previously shown the findings that acetylcholine (Ach) and calcitinin gene-related peptide coexist in single motor neurons. We determined, using pharmacological means, with a phrenic nerve diaphragm preparation, that this peptide enhances muscle contraction during stimulation of the nerve fibers or direct stimulation of the muscle. This effect is probably brought about via the receptor for this peptide not the Ach receptors. Furthermore, we have shown that CGRP also caused an increase in cyclic AMP in the striated muscle with a dose dependent manner.II) Coexistence of neuroactive substances in single sensory neurons We have demonstrated that CGRP also coexists with substance P (SP) in single small sized neurons in the sensory ganglia. Nociceptive stimulation resuled in a enhancement of preprotachychinine A (PTTA) mRNA which codes SP in sensory neurons, indicating that SP related much more closely to the nociceptio … More n conduction system. On the other hand, in the dorsal horn, SP coexists with enkephalin (Enk) in single neurons. Expression of preproenkephalin (PPE) mRNA increased within 1 hour after nociceptive stimulation, demonstrating that at the level of the dorsal horn of the spinal cord, Enk is related more closely to the nociception conducting system than SP.III) Presence of neurons containing more than three neuroactive substances Lateral parabrachial area contains a number of CGRP-, SP-and neurotensin (NT)-containing neurons. Destruction of the external subnucleus of the lateral perabrachial area resuled in a disappearance of CGRP, SP and NT fiders in the central amygdaloid nucleus (AC). In addition, distribution pattern of these peptidergic neurons in the external subnucleus is very similar, suggesting that three kinds of peptides localize in single neurons here. In facts, immunocytochemical double staining analysis revealed that most of sp neurons here contained NT. Immunohistochemical analysis of alternative consecutive sections showed that many of these neurons also contained CGRP. In order to examine the significance of the coexistence of more than three neuroactive substances in single neurons, the localization neuroreceptors should be elucidated. We are now working on this problem. Less