Comparative Study of Occupational Traits and Value System

职业特质与价值体系比较研究

• 批准号: 62450030
• 负责人: OKAMOTO Hideo
• 金额: $ 1.92万
• 依托单位: Sophia University
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (B)
• 财政年份: 1987
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1987 至 1989
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-62450030/
• 关键词: occupation; value system; values on occupation; 職業構造; 職業意識; 価値志向

We have done the review of literatures, non-structural interviews, and the questionnaire survey on the relationship between occupational traits and value system. According to these researches, whole value system does not show significant correlation with occupational traits. Some parts of value system (e.g. s aspiration, evaluation of money etc.) show clear correlation with occupational traits, and some other parts of value system have only weak connection.Different occupations have different degree of influence over value system. All occupations that have strong influence over value system do not show same type of influence. The influence of profession or craft occupations are different from the influence of managerial occupations.These correlations between occupations and value system have become weak recently. Nevertheless that tendency, some small number of occupations (e.g. entrepreneur of venture business) show strong correlation with value system. The weight of occupational life in people's daily life and mental one is decreasing now, so the correlation between occupational traits and value system will become weak gradually. And the value system tends to be effected by factors other than occupations (e.g. leisure activities). However we have found one type of value system in the specific occupation. Because of the change of occupational structure, most of occupations will lose their influence over the value system. Only special kind of occupation will keep its influence.

本研究采用文献综述、非结构性访谈和问卷调查的方法，对职业特质与价值观的关系进行了研究。根据这些研究，整体价值观与职业特质并没有显著的相关。价值系统的某些部分（例如，对金钱的渴望、评价等）职业特质与价值观系统的其他部分之间存在着显著的相关性，而与价值观系统的其他部分之间的相关性较弱，不同的职业对价值观系统的影响程度不同。所有对价值体系有强烈影响的职业并不表现出相同类型的影响。职业与价值体系的相关性在近年来有所减弱。尽管如此，少数职业（如风险企业家）与价值体系有很强的相关性。职业生活在人们日常生活和精神生活中的比重正在下降，职业特质与价值观的相关性将逐渐减弱。价值体系往往受到职业以外的因素（如休闲活动）的影响。然而，我们在特定的职业中发现了一种价值体系。由于职业结构的变化，大多数职业将失去对价值体系的影响。只有特殊的职业才能保持它的影响力。