Mobility Characteristics of Water Soluble Components in Soil under Electroosmosis and the Applied Studies

电渗作用下土壤中水溶性成分的迁移特性及应用研究

• 批准号: 62470115
• 负责人: MATSUMOTO Satoshi
• 金额: $ 3.14万
• 依托单位: The University of Tokyo
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (B)
• 财政年份: 1987
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1987 至 1989
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-62470115/
• 关键词: electroosmosis; soil solution; rubber electrode; electro-migration of ions; chemical environment; Plasmodiophora brasicae; electric current density; アブラナ根こぶ病菌; 土壌有機物; 土壌微生物; 水溶性有機物; 有機酸; アミノ酸; 塩類土壌; イオン移動; 電極反応; 連作障害; 特殊電極の開発; 電気伝導度; 塩性

Soil environment can be taken as an assemblage body of many substances with electric charge. An extensive reports on soil electrochemical studies has been done hitherto for the understanding the electric conductivity phenomena of soil colloids including ionic exchange and adsorption. However, studies on the application to actual field as the electrochemical methods, for example, the laboratory experimental studies for the promotion of salts exclusion from soils are very few. This might come from the fact that the development of the stable electrode being able to use in soil is behindhand.The objective of this study is to develop the-practical electrode with good conductivity which can be used in soil and to analyze the behavior of soil substances including microorganisms and control them by using it. This report concerns the development of the electrode which is proof in soil for comparatively long period and its application to actual fields.The electrode newly developed is composed of the very thin carbon-rubber membrane dispersed micro particles of carbon in rubber material and the cupper net made of very fine strings of cupper. Cupper net is protected by carbon-rubber membrane. This electrode showed almost the same conductivity as cupper or carbon and the strong proof against corrosion in the electrolytic solution. The electric current was found to be lOOmA between electrodes with 50cm interval when DC 25V was supplied in the artificially salinized volcanic ash soil with 40% soil moisture content. Electro-migration of organic as well as inorganic substances occurred in soil. When the soil solution moved from anode to cathode, Plasmodiophora brasicae, which is characteristic clubroot disease for brasicae species was seemed to migrate and locate with soil solution.

土壤环境可以看作是多种带电荷物质的集合体。迄今为止，为了了解土壤胶体的导电现象（包括离子交换和吸附），已经进行了大量关于土壤电化学研究的报告。然而，将电化学方法应用于实际领域的研究，例如促进土壤排盐的室内实验研究却很少。这可能是因为能够在土壤中使用的稳定电极的开发落后。本研究的目的是开发可在土壤中使用的具有良好导电性的实用电极，并分析包括微生物在内的土壤物质的行为并利用它来控制它们。本报告涉及在土壤中经过较长时间考验的电极的研制及其在实际领域中的应用。新开发的电极由极薄的碳橡胶膜和橡胶材料中分散的碳微粒和由极细的铜丝制成的铜网组成。铜网由碳橡胶膜保护。该电极表现出与铜或碳几乎相同的导电性，并且在电解液中具有很强的抗腐蚀能力。在土壤含水量为40%的人工盐化火山灰土壤中，施加25V直流电压时，间隔50cm的电极之间的电流为100mA。土壤中发生有机和无机物质的电迁移。当土壤溶液从阳极移动到阴极时，甘蓝根肿病（芸苔属植物的特征性根肿病）似乎会随土壤溶液迁移和定位。

项目成果

Satoshi Matsumoto and Mostafa M. Mostafa: "Soil Management under Electric Supply ( Part 1 ) Development of Special Electrode for the Direct Current Supply" Soil Science and Plant Nutrition.

Satoshi Matsumoto 和 Mostafa M. Mostafa：“供电下的土壤管理（第 1 部分）直流供电专用电极的开发”土壤科学与植物营养。

Satoshi.MATSUMOTO: Soil Science plant Nutrition.

Satoshi.MATSUMOTO：土壤科学植物营养。

Satoshi Matsumoto,Mostafa Mohamad Mostafa: "Soil Management under Electric Supply(Part 1)Development of the Special Electrode for the Direct Current Supply" Soil Science and Plant Nutrition(preparing).

Satoshi Matsumoto，Mostafa Mohamad Mostafa：“供电下的土壤管理（第1部分）直流供电专用电极的开发”土壤科学与植物营养（编写）。

Satoshi Matsumoto and Shinjiro Kanazawa: "Soil Management under Electric Supply ( Part 4 ) Soil Microorganisms' Behavior under Direct Current" Soil Science and Plant Nutrition.

Satoshi Matsumoto和Shinjiro Kanazawa：“电力供应下的土壤管理（第4部分）直流电下土壤微生物的行为”土壤科学与植物营养。

松本聡: "電気浸透法技術の栽培土壌への応用" 技報堂,

松本聪：《电渗技术在耕种土壤中的应用》Gihodo，