Studies on the mechanism for salt tolerance in the cultured cells selected from tropical crops

以水稻品种Nona Bokra和chim Chanh为材料，进行了全株和培养细胞对高NaCl胁迫的响应试验。Nana Bokra耐盐性较Cliem chan强，但Na含量低于chem chan， K含量高于chem chan。盐生植物的细胞在高盐条件下也能生长良好。这些细胞在高NaCl条件下保持高钾含量，甜菜碱水平升高。耐盐芦苇积累脯氨酸和甜菜碱作为相容溶质。这表明耐盐植物在细胞水平上也具有耐盐性。甘蔗和烟草选育的耐盐细胞对盐胁迫表现出不同的反应。甘蔗sT细胞在NaCl培养基上保持了K、Mg和Ca的含量。高盐条件下，烟草ST细胞K、Mg、Ca含量较低，但生长良好。这表明两种ST细胞具有不同的耐盐机制。作为渗透调节因子，蔗糖积累了脯氨酸，烟草积累了甜菜碱，但这些含量低于盐生植物细胞。为介绍热带作物的耐盐能力，对原生质体的制备和培养进行了试验。用不同的酶组合处理几种盐生植物的培养细胞。激素组合和细胞增殖能力影响制备清洁原生质体。利用三联体植物原生质体与烟草叶肉原生质体进行融合。

Whole plant and cultured cells of rice varieties, Nona Bokra and Chiem Chanh, were tested for the response to high NaCl conditions. Nana Bokra, that relatively stronger in salt tolerance than Cliem Chanh, showed lower Na and higher K contents than Chiem Chanh. Cultured cells from halophytic plants(Atriplex species) were also grew well under high salt condition. These cells maintained high K content, and betaine levels increase under high NaCl conditions. Salt tolerant phragmites communis accumulated proline and betaine as the compatible solute. These indicates that salt tolerant plants are also salt tolerant in cell levels.Selected salt tolerant(ST) cells from sugarcane and tobacco showed different reacts to salt conditions. Sugarcane sT cells maintained K, Mg and Ca contents in cultured on NaCl medium. On the other hand, tobacco ST cells showed low contents of K, Mg and Ca at high salt condition, but grew well. These indicate that two ST cells have different mechanisms of salt tolerance. As the osmotic regulators sugarcance accumulated proline, and tobacco accumulated betaine, but these content were lower than in halophyte cells.Protoplast preparation and cultivation were tested for the purpose to introduce the salt tolerant abilities to tropical crops. Cultured cells from several halophytic plants were treated different enzyme combinations. Pant hormone combinations and cell proliferating abilities affected to prepare clean protoplasts. Protoplasts from atriplex species were applied to protoplast fusion with tobacco mesophyll protoplasts.