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Nutritional and physiological studies on the regulation of egg white protein synthesis in the chicken

鸡蛋清蛋白合成调控的营养和生理研究

基本信息

批准号：
62480082
负责人：
TOMITA Takeshi
金额：
$ 3.78万
依托单位：
Nagoya University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (B)
财政年份：
1987
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1987 至 1988
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

1. Protein synthesis in individual tissues of laying hens was measured in vivo. It was found that fractional rates of protein synthesis in liver and oviduct were faster than those in any other tissues tested, and that the observed differences in fractional synthesis rates almost entirely accounted for by changes in RNA:protein ratios.2. Protein synthesis measured with DL-methionine was found to be underestimated by 4 to 36% in comparison with that measured with the L-isomer.3. A mathematical model for predicting the growth of replacement pullets was constructed with special reference to seasonal variations in food intake. It was found that d delay of 5 - 6 weeks with respect to environmental temperature would be necessary for the prediction of food intake.4. Protein synthesis in tissues and in the whole body of laying hens was measured during the egg formation cycie. Protein synthesis in the liver and in the whole body was not changed. Magnum protein synthesis was at its highest value when an ovum stayed there. In other tissues, on the other hand, protein synthesis was lowest when an ovum stayed in the magnum.5. Stgeroid hormone treatment enhanced the growth of oviduct in immature young chicks. The effect was more evident by the combined administration of estrogen and testosterone than by the administration of estrogen alone.6. Strain difference in the responsiveness of oviduct to steroid treatment was examined in three types of immature chicks. The highest response was found in egg-type chicks, followed by dual-purpose-, and meat-type birds in the decreasing order. Further studies sre necessary to clarify the relationship between genetic factors and responsiveness to steroid treatment.

1.在活体内测定蛋鸡各组织的蛋白质合成。结果发现，肝脏和输卵管中蛋白质合成的分数速率比任何其他被测组织都要快，并且观察到的分数合成速率的差异几乎完全是由RNA：蛋白质比率的变化引起的。与L异构体相比，用DL-蛋氨酸测量的蛋白质合成被低估了4%到36%。建立了预测替代蛋鸡生长发育的数学模型，特别参考了采食量的季节变化。研究发现，对于食物摄入量的预测，环境温度延迟5-6周是必要的。对产蛋母鸡在产蛋周期内组织和全身的蛋白质合成进行了测定。肝脏和全身的蛋白质合成没有改变。当卵子停留在那里时，Magnum蛋白质合成达到最高值。另一方面，在其他组织中，当卵子留在大细胞中时，蛋白质合成最低。类固醇激素处理可促进未成熟雏鸡输卵管的生长。雌激素和睾丸素联合使用的效果比单独使用雌激素的效果更明显。对三种不同类型的雏鸡输卵管对类固醇激素的反应进行了品系差异研究。蛋型雏鸡的反应最高，其次是两用型和肉用型。进一步研究SRE，以澄清遗传因素与类固醇治疗反应之间的关系。