Analysis of mechanism on gastrin biosynthesis and secretion

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Gastrin, one of well-known Gut hormon, stimulates gastric acid secretion and plays an important role in the pathogenesis of peptic ulcer.In 1964 Gregory and Tracy isolated gastrin for the first time from antrum mucosa of pig stomach.Gastrin is also one of polypeptide hormones that are alpha-amidated at the COOH-terminus. The precursor structure of gastrin at the amidation site is -Phe-Gly-Arg-Ser. Recently, COOH-terminal glycine extended progastrin (gastrin-G) were identified using radioimmunoassay with monoclonal antibody developed against a synthetic peptide analogue for progastrin, Tyr-Gly-Try-Met-Asp-Phe-Gly. Secretion and biosynthesis of gastrin-G were examined using the monoclonal antibody in the present study. Post-translational processing of gastrin might occur sequentially through proteolytic cleavage of progastrin to gastrin-G followed by activation via alpha-amidation. Gastrin-G co-existed with gastrin in antral gastrin cells, and co-secreted with gastrin in response to various stimulation from gastrin cells.