Biomechanical Analysis of Development of Shock Absorbability on Landing for Boys and Girls

本研究的目的是探讨男孩和女孩着陆时避震能力的发展特征。60名6岁、8岁、10岁、12岁、14岁和16岁的男孩和女孩以及10名男女大学生作为研究对象。他们在台阶高度分别为身体高度的30%和60%时，在测力板上轻柔地着陆。采用电影摄影、肌电图、力板等方法记录和分析了落体运动和落体力。结果表明，随着生长阶段减震时间的增加，着陆时的减震性能随着老化而发展。这样的结果可能是由于踝关节、膝关节和髋关节的大角位移和落地时膝关节伸肌的高肌肉活动造成的。然而，12岁至14岁的男孩和女孩的减震能力都有所下降，这可能是由于体格的显著增长。

The purpose of this study was to investigate the developmental characteristics of shock absorbability on landing for boys and girls. Sixty of 6-, 8-, 10-, 12-, 14- and 16- year-old boys and girls and 10 male and female university students were participated as subjects. They performed landing on force plate softly from step heights of 30% and 60% of their body heights. The movement and forces of landing were recorded and analyzed by means of cinematography, electromyography and force plate method. As the results, it was shown that the shock absorbability on landing were developed with aging by increasing of shock absorption time in growing stage. Such results may have been caused by large angular displacement of ankle, Knee and hip joints and high muscular activities of knee extensors on landing. The lowering of shock absorbabilty were shown for boys and girls from 12-year-old to 14-year-old, however, probably due to remarkable growing of physiques.