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Regulation of cerebral blood flows by cholinergic fibers originating in the nucleus basalis of Meynert.

源自 Meynert 基底核的胆碱能纤维对脑血流的调节。

基本信息

批准号：
63480102
负责人：
SATO Akio
金额：
$ 4.42万
依托单位：
Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (B)
财政年份：
1988
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1988 至 1989
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-63480102/
关键词：
cerebral cortical blood flow nucleus basalis of Meynert regional cerebral blood flow electrical stimulation septo-hippocampal system anesthetized rat cholinergic fiber 中隔ー海馬系前脳基底核化学刺激

项目摘要

Intracerebral cholinergic fibers originating in the nucleus basalis of Meynert (NBM) and septum, and projecting to the cortex and hippocampus, respectively, have been reported to degenerate in Alzheimer's disease as well as in aged people. However, physiological function of these cholinergic fibers have remained obscure. The present experiment was performed to examine whether these fibers can act as vasodilators in the cortex and hippocampus using anesthetized rats. Regional cerebral blood flow was measured by either laser Doppler flowmetry or ^<14>C iodoantipirine technique. The unilateral NBM or medial septum was stimulated electrically or chemically. Stimulations of the NBM and medial septum produced increases in cortical and hippocampal cerebral blood flows, respectively.But, cerebral blood flows in other regions did not change significantly during these stimulations. These vasodilative responses were reduced by intravenous administrations of muscarinic and nicotinic blocking agents (atropine, 0.5 mg/kg, and mecamylaminel 2 mg/kg). The extracellular acetylcholine in the cortex and hippocampus measured by the microdialysis technique was increased significantly during stimulations of the NBM and medial septum. In conclusion, activation of the intracerebral cholinergic fibers releases acetylcholine in the cortex and hippocampus, and at least some parts of the released acetylcholine result in vasodilation and increase in these regional cerebral blood flows. At this moment I would like to speculate by analogy of this system to the peripheral sympathetic cholinergic vasodilative system in skeletal muscles which activates and supplies sufficient oxygen and glucose to skeletal muscles, just before they start to contract, with a preparatory purpose.

据报道，在阿尔茨海默病和老年人中，起源于Meynert基底核（NBM）和隔核的脑内胆碱能纤维分别投射到皮质和海马。然而，这些胆碱能纤维的生理功能仍然不清楚。本实验使用麻醉大鼠来检查这些纤维是否可以作为皮层和海马中的血管扩张剂。局部脑血流量的测定采用激光多普勒血流仪或~ 13 <14>C碘安替吡林技术。电刺激或化学刺激单侧NBM或内侧隔。刺激NBM和内侧隔分别使皮层和海马脑血流量增加，但对其他区域的脑血流量无明显影响。静脉注射毒蕈碱和尼古丁阻断剂（阿托品，0.5 mg/kg和美卡明胺2 mg/kg）可减少这些血管扩张反应。用微透析技术测定的皮层和海马细胞外乙酰胆碱在刺激NBM和内侧隔时显著增加。总之，脑内胆碱能纤维的激活在皮质和海马中释放乙酰胆碱，并且至少部分释放的乙酰胆碱导致血管舒张和这些区域脑血流量的增加。现在，我想通过将该系统类比于骨骼肌中的外周交感胆碱能血管舒张系统来推测，该系统在骨骼肌开始收缩之前激活并向骨骼肌提供足够的氧气和葡萄糖，具有预备性目的。