Longitudinal Study of Aerobic Capacity and Motor Ability for Children of 4 to 15 Yrs.

本研究旨在通过对3-5岁男女儿童10年的纵向研究，探讨其身体素质和运动能力的生长发育情况。受试者分为两组：K组和M组。1980年开始对K组进行首次测量，1983年开始对M组进行测量。在幼儿园对K组进行了积极的体育教育。M组在幼儿园的生活相对不活跃。本研究从1988年至1991年连续三年对这些人群进行纵向测量，测量项目包括：身高（身高、体重、胸围、臂长、腿长等），体脂、握力、背力、仰卧起坐、后仰、往返跑、纵跳、跳远、三级和五级跳、无氧功率和最大摄氧量。最大采用道格拉斯袋法测定幼儿园和小学儿童地面跑和初中儿童跑台法的摄氧量。这项研究的主要目的是测量最大摄氧量。在本研究中，446名男孩和293名女孩的K组和158名男孩和132名女孩的M组进行纵向研究。研究结果表明，PHV患者最大摄氧量随年龄增长而迅速增长，体力活动对最大摄氧量的影响也较大。

The purpose of this study was to investigate the growth and development of physical fitness and motor ability based on the 10 years longitudinal study for boys and girls from 3-5 years old. The subjects were consisted of 2 different groups ; Group-K and Group-M. The first measurement was started in 1980 for Group-K and in 1983 for Group-M. Active physical education was carried out on Group-K at kindergarten. Group-M spent relatively non-active life at kindergarten. In the present study, those groups were measured longitudinally for 3 years from 1988 to 1991.The items of measurement were as follows ; Stature (height, weight, chest girth, length of arm and leg, etc.), body fat, handgrip strength, back strength, sit up, back up, shuttle run, vertical jump, broad jump, 3 and 5 steps jump, anaerobic power and maximum oxygen intake. Max. oxygen intake was measured by Douglas bag method using ground running for chidren of kindergarten and elementary school, and treadmill running method for junior high school children. The main intention of the study was to measure the maximum oxygen intake. In this study, 446 boys and 293 girls of Group-K and 158 boys and 132 girls of Group-M were subjected for longitudinal study. From this study, it becomes clear that maximum oxygen intake develop rapidly related to the age of PHV and the physical activities effect on the development of maximum oxygen intake.