COGPITStudy: COGnitive Function, Performance and Irregular Timing of Sleep –An epidemiology and mathematical modeling approach–

COGPITStudy：认知功能、表现和不规则睡眠时间“流行病学和数学建模方法”

• 批准号: 439835894
• 负责人: Dr. Dorothee Fischer
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Institut für Luft- und Raumfahrtmedizin
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Grants
• 资助国家: 德国
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/439835894?language=en
• 关键词: COGPITStudy; COGnitive; Function; Performance; Irregular

The alternation of sleep and wakefulness is regulated by two processes: a homeostatic and a circadian process that interact so that sleep is consolidated at night. Shift work requires workers to be active at times when the body is prepared to rest, resulting in insufficient sleep, delayed sleep onset, and irregular day-to-day sleep. While adverse effects of short and mistimed sleep (i.e., during the day) are by now well-documented, a recent systematic review on irregular sleep concluded that “this body of literature is still at its infancy”. Irregular sleep often occurs in response to irregular work schedules (e.g., shift work), posing a risk to worker’s health and safety. Safety is a major concern in aviation, where lapses of attention are potentially fatal. Although some studies have examined the effect of irregular sleep on cognitive performance, none have been conducted in the aviation sector and all of them used 'traditional' metrics for quantifying irregular sleep. These traditional metrics –such as Standard Deviation (StDev) and Inter-daily Stability (IS)– quantify overall variability in sleep (e.g., averaging across many days), rather than quantifying the degree to which sleep patterns differ between consecutive days. Two recent (‘2nd-generation’) metrics have been developed to specifically capture day-to-day changes in sleep patterns: the Composite Phase Deviation (CPD) metric and the Sleep Regularity Index (SRI). Using CPD and SRI, the proposed project combines approaches in epidemiology and mathematical modeling to examine potential adverse effects of irregular sleep on cognitive function and identify shift schedules that reduce irregular sleep and improve cognitive performance. In Objectives I–III, I will use three epidemiological datasets from the “Hispanic Community Health Study” (n1=16,415, n2=2,252, n3=6,378) to (I) quantify exposure to irregular sleep calculating traditional (StDev, IS) and 2nd-generation (CPD, SRI) metrics, (II) estimate cross-sectional and prospective associations of irregular sleep with cognitive function, and III) compare predictive power among traditional and 2nd-generation metrics. In Objectives IV–VI, I will apply an adenosine-based mathematical model of sleep-wake regulation and cognitive performance to three datasets in commercial aviation (n1=31, n2=24, n3=381) to (IV) evaluate the predictive accuracy of the mathematical model in the target population of pilots and cabin crew members, V) associate predicted increased fatigue and impaired cognition with flight schedule characteristics, and VI) simulate alternative flight schedules to improve predicted sleep and cognitive performance. The proposed project will help determine the role of irregular sleep for cognitive function in addition to sleep duration and timing and identify potential interventions to optimize sleep and cognitive performance on flight rosters in aviation.

睡眠和觉醒的交替是由两个过程调节的：一个是体内平衡过程，一个是昼夜节律过程，这两个过程相互作用，使睡眠在夜间得到巩固。轮班工作要求工人在身体准备休息的时候活跃起来，导致睡眠不足，睡眠开始延迟，每天的睡眠不规律。虽然短时间和不合时宜的睡眠（即白天）的不利影响现在已经得到了充分的证明，但最近一项关于不规律睡眠的系统综述得出的结论是，“这方面的文献仍处于起步阶段”。不规律的睡眠往往是由于不规律的工作安排（例如轮班工作）造成的，这对工人的健康和安全构成了威胁。安全是航空业的一个主要问题，在航空业，注意力不集中可能是致命的。尽管一些研究调查了不规律睡眠对认知能力的影响，但没有一项研究是在航空领域进行的，而且所有研究都使用了“传统”的指标来量化不规律的睡眠。这些传统指标——如标准差（StDev）和日间稳定性（IS）——量化了睡眠的整体可变性（例如，多日平均），而不是量化连续几天之间睡眠模式差异的程度。最近开发了两个（“第二代”）指标来专门捕捉睡眠模式的日常变化：复合相位偏差（CPD）指标和睡眠规律指数（SRI）。利用CPD和SRI，拟议的项目结合流行病学和数学建模的方法来检查不规律睡眠对认知功能的潜在不利影响，并确定减少不规律睡眠和改善认知表现的轮班时间表。在目标I - III中，我将使用来自“西班牙裔社区健康研究”的三个流行病学数据集（n1=16,415, n2=2,252, n3=6,378）来（I)量化不规则睡眠暴露，计算传统（StDev， IS）和第二代（CPD， SRI）指标，（II）估计不规则睡眠与认知功能的横断面和前瞻性关联，以及III）比较传统和第二代指标的预测能力。在目标IV - vi中，我将基于腺苷的睡眠-觉醒调节和认知表现数学模型应用于商业航空的三个数据集（n1=31, n2=24, n3=381），以（IV）评估数学模型在飞行员和机组人员目标人群中的预测准确性，V)将预测的疲劳增加和认知障碍与航班时间表特征联系起来；(6)模拟不同的航班时刻表，以改善预期的睡眠和认知表现。拟议的项目将有助于确定除睡眠时间和睡眠时间外，不规律睡眠对认知功能的作用，并确定潜在的干预措施，以优化航空飞行名单上的睡眠和认知表现。