Fundamental Research on Application of Genetic Recombination Technique Wastewater Treatment

基因重组技术应用废水处理基础研究

• 批准号: 03805047
• 负责人: OZAKI Hiroaki
• 金额: $ 1.02万
• 依托单位: KYOTO UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (C)
• 财政年份: 1991
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1991 至 1992
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-03805047/
• 关键词: Halogenated Organic Compounds; Unsaturated Halogenated Aliphatic Compounds; Screening; Purification of Enzyme; Genetic Recombination; Wastewater Treatment; スクリ-ニング; 酵素・精製; 遣伝子組換え

In this research, several investigation were made on the microorganisms and their enzymes which utilize environmental micropollutants as source of cell carbon and energy and/or degrade them. As the compounds of investigation, 2-chloroacrylic acid (CAA) and an azo dye were respectively selected as halogenated and recalcitrant organic compounds among environmentally important micropollutants. The research results for these two organic compounds are as follows:Three species of microorganisms which could utilize 2-chloroacrylic acid as a source of cell carbon and energy, were isolated from various soil samples of different origins. These three microorganisms were confirmed to be Pseudmonas. The characteristics of the dehalogenase of one of these three microorganisms was investigated through a purification of the extracted liquid. The result indicated that the molecular weight of the enzyme was about 50,000 and that the enzymatic activity was relatively high for the similar halogenated orga … More nic compounds with three or less C. With a cloning technique, the dehalogenase gene was introduced into E.coli, and a clonal culture was successfully obtained. (This part of research was carried out under the guidance of Prof. Kenji SODA of the Institute for Chemical Research in Kyoto University.)The microorganisms degradation capability of recalcitrant organic compounds, azo dye, was investigated using Reactive Red B. Also, various environmental conditions for decolourisation were evaluated. Eleven species of microorganisms were isolated from the bacterial culture which was acclimated for a long period of time with an artificial wastewater containing the azo dye and glucose. All eleven species were Gram-negative, and most of them were bacillus. These species showed different decolourisation capability, which positively related to the glucose utilization capability. The experiments using the acclimated and isolated cultures indicated that the decolourisation rate was faster under lower ORP condition, and that easily biodegradable substrates (e.g., glucose and sugar) must exist as energy source. These results suggested that the decolourisation process was carried out through co-metabolism with reductive transformation, and that these microorganisms could effectively decolourise other azo dyes than Reactive Red B. Less

在这项研究中，对微生物及其酶进行了几项投资，这些投资利用环境微污染物作为细胞碳和能量的来源和/或降解它们。作为投资的化合物，在环境重要的微污染物中分别选择了2-氯丙烯酸（CAA）和偶氮染料作为卤代和顽固的有机化合物。这两种有机化合物的研究结果如下：三种微生物可以利用2-氯丙烯酸作为细胞碳和能量的来源，从不同起源的各种土壤样品中分离出来。这三种微生物被证实为伪蒙。通过提取的液体纯化研究了这三种微生物之一的脱核酶的特征。结果表明，酶的分子量约为50,000，对于类似的卤代ORGA而言，酶活性相对较高……更多的具有三个或更少C的NIC化合物。通过克隆技术，将脱脂酶基因引入了e.coli，并连续获得了克隆培养。 （研究的这一部分是在京都大学化学研究所的Kenji Soda教授的指导下进行的。）使用反应性红色B进行了微生物抗逆转录剂有机化合物Azo Dye的微生物降解能力，并使用了反应性红色B进行了研究。此外，还评估了分解化的各种环境条件。从细菌培养物中分离出了11种微生物，该细菌培养很长一段时间以来用含有偶氮染料和葡萄糖的人工废水进行了长时间的适应。所有11种都是革兰氏阴性的，其中大多数都是芽孢杆菌。这些物种表现出不同的脱色功能，与葡萄糖利用率正相关。使用适应性和孤立培养物进行实验表明，在ORP较低的条件下，脱色速率更快，并且易于生物降解的底物（例如，葡萄糖和糖）很容易成为能源。这些结果表明，脱色过程是通过合作代谢进行的，并减少了转化，并且这些微生物可以有效地脱色，而不是反应性红色B。

项目成果

寺島 泰 尾崎 博明: "アゾ染料の微生物による分解" BIO INDUSTRY. 9. 31-38 (1992)

Yasushi Terashima 和 Hiroaki Ozaki：“偶氮染料的微生物降解”BIO INDUSTRY。9. 31-38 (1992)。

寺島 泰,尾崎 博明: "アゾ染料の微生物による分解" BIO INDUSTRY. 9. 31-38 (1992)

Yasushi Terashima、Hiroaki Ozaki：“偶氮染料的微生物降解”BIO INDUSTRY。9. 31-38 (1992)

Yutaka TERASHIMA & Hiroaki OZAKI: "Biodegradation of Azo Dye" Bio-Industry. Vol.9,NO.4. 31-38 (1992)

寺岛丰