Highly Efficient Treatment System of Wastewater Including Recalcitrant Substances Utilizing Membrane Separation Process

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The characteristics of leachate from domestic waste landfill site and the leachate treatment using membrane separation process are investigated and discussed. The main results obtained are as follows.1. The leachate includes recalcitrant substances measured as COD,nitrogen compounds and high concentrations of inorganic salts. The 45% of COD in the leachate remaind in the effluent when the leachate was treated by a conventional process combined with activated carbon plant. The composition of this residual COD is still uncertain. The T-THM formation ability was not reduced in the conventional treatment process searched in this research.2. Reverse osmosis (RO) could separate almost all pollutants in the leachate and reduce the T-THM formation ability. However, the process has a disadvantage of membrane fouling, probably responsible for silica in the leachate.3. Low pressure reverce osmosis (LPRO) is an effective leachate treatment process providing high product of permeation water and comparatively high rejection of solutes except for nitrogen compounds. The combined process with biology (oxidation, nitrification and denitrification) and LPRO is more effective than a conventional leachate treatment process.4. The solute permeability in LPRO memmbrane depends on the charge of memmbrane and ions in many cases. The divalent cations provided lower rejection of coexistent cations in mixed solutions system than that of the cations in single solution system.