Coercion and copredication as flexible frame composition

强制和共谓作为灵活的框架组合

• 批准号: 440934416
• 负责人: Professorin Dr. Laura Kallmeyer
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Abteilung für Computerlinguistik
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Grants
• 资助国家: 德国
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/440934416?language=en
• 关键词: Coercion; copredication; flexible; frame; composition

Theories of semantic composition have to cope with the flexible semantic behavior of words that often shows up when they co-occur in syntagmatic relationships. The project addresses two such phenomena. The first one is concerned with the varying meaning contributions of inherently polysemous words depending on the predications in which they occur. Inherent systematic polysemy means that a word or phrase has two or more clearly distinguishable but related interpretations and that there are other words or phrases which show the same pattern of semantic variation. Well-known examples are nouns like "book" and "letter", which can denote physical or informational objects, and "lunch" and "dinner", which can refer to food or events. It is characteristic of these nouns that they can occur in copredication constructions, as in "memorize and burn the letter", where two or more predicates that aim at different meaning facets are jointly applied to the same argument. The second phenomenon is the systematic coercion of semantic enrichment that occurs if a mismatch between the semantic type of an argument expression and the requirements of the predicate is not resolved by facet selection, but by an extended mode of composition in which appropriate pieces of information are added to eliminate the mismatch. This is the case, for instance, when a phase verb such as "finish" or a psych verb such as "enjoy" takes a non-eventive argument such as "letter" or "coffee". The goal of the project is to develop a frame-semantic account of these phenomena which combines rich semantic representations in the lexicon with a formal model of flexible compositionality at the interface between syntax and semantics. The underlying hypothesis is (i) that a frame-based semantic decomposition is particularly well suited for modeling the various meaning facets of polysemous words and the relations between them, and (ii) that an architecture of the syntax-semantics interface that links semantic frames to the elementary syntactic trees of Lexicalized Tree Adjoining Grammars gives us the right amount of flexibility for modeling copredication and coercion constructions. Moreover, the formal analyses developed in the project will be based on a broad empirical basis which includes copredication and coercion data semi-automatically extracted from corpora.

语义合成理论必须科普词在组合关系中共同出现时经常出现的灵活的语义行为。该项目涉及两种现象。第一个是关于内在多义词的不同意义的贡献取决于他们出现的谓词。内在系统性多义性是指一个词或短语有两个或两个以上可明显区分但相关的解释，并且有其他词或短语表现出相同的语义变化模式。众所周知的例子是名词，如“书”和“信”，可以表示物理或信息对象，“午餐”和“晚餐”，可以指食物或事件。这些名词的特点是它们可以出现在共词结构中，如在“remember and burn the letter”中，两个或多个针对不同意义方面的谓词共同应用于同一个论元。第二个现象是语义丰富的系统强制，如果一个论点表达式的语义类型和谓词的要求之间的不匹配不是通过方面选择来解决的，而是通过一种扩展的组合模式来解决的，在这种组合模式中，添加了适当的信息来消除不匹配。例如，当一个阶段动词如“finish”或一个心理动词如“enjoy”接受一个非事件论元如“letter”或“coffee”时，就是这种情况。该项目的目标是开发一个框架语义帐户的这些现象相结合的丰富的语义表示的词汇与灵活的组合在语法和语义之间的接口的正式模型。基本的假设是：（i）基于框架的语义分解特别适合于对多义词的各种含义方面及其之间的关系进行建模，以及（ii）将语义框架链接到词汇化树邻接语法的基本句法树的句法语义接口的架构为我们提供了适当的灵活性来对共检和强制构造进行建模。此外，该项目中开发的正式分析将基于广泛的经验基础，其中包括从语料库中半自动提取的复制和胁迫数据。