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Auditory congnition in the chimpanzee

黑猩猩的听觉认知

基本信息

批准号：
04610053
负责人：
KOJIMA Shozo
金额：
$ 1.02万
依托单位：
KYOTO UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1992
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1992 至 1993
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-04610053/
关键词：
Chimpanzee Auditory cognition Intermodal matching to sample Auditory memory 協覚-視覚総合

项目摘要

In the first year, a chimpanzee acquired an audio-visual intermodal matching to sample task using sound producing objects. And the performance was transfered to different pairs and new pairs of sound producing objects. However, compared with a visual or audio-visual sample stimulus, it was very difficult for the chimpanzee to choose a picture of an object based on sound of the object. Even if the subject showed a high level of performance, reaction time was two to three times longer than that for a visual or an audio-visual sample stimulus. In the second year, working memory of an auditory sample was examined. The delay interval was inserted between the auditory sample and visual choice stimuli. The decay of auditory sample was abrupt and performance dropped to a chance level at the 16-s delay interval. Then, the formation of "human" and "object" concepts was examined. The sample stimulus was human voices or sounds of an object. The choice stimuli were picture of a human face and an object which produced these acoustic stimuli. Twenty-two human and object pairs (fourty-four stimuli) were gradually introduced. Matching performance was improved as new pairs were added. And for thirty-four out of the 44 stimuli the subject showed a correct response in the first trial. These results suggest that the chimpanzee acquired the concepts of "human" and/or "object" .

在第一年，一只黑猩猩获得了一个视听联运匹配样本任务使用声音产生的对象。并将这一表现转移到不同的发声物体对和新的发声物体对上。然而，与视觉或视听样本刺激相比，黑猩猩很难根据物体的声音来选择物体的图片。即使受试者表现出高水平的表现，反应时间也比视觉或视听样本刺激长两到三倍。在第二年，工作记忆的听觉样本进行了检查。在听觉样本和视觉选择刺激之间插入延迟间隔。听觉样本的衰减是突然的，在16秒的延迟间隔，性能下降到一个机会的水平。然后，考察了“人”和“物”概念的形成。样本刺激是人类的声音或物体的声音。选择的刺激是一个人的脸和一个物体，产生这些声音刺激的图片。逐渐引入了22个人和物体对（44个刺激）。随着新配对的加入，匹配性能得到了改善。在第一次试验中，受试者对44种刺激中的34种做出了正确的反应。这些结果表明，黑猩猩获得了“人”和/或“物体”的概念。