Design of High-Performance Ion-Sensisng Membranes Using Calixarene Ionaphores

本工作的目的是设计基于杯芳烃离子载体的高性能钠离子传感器，并致力于设计离子敏感场效应晶体管(ISFET)和方便的微型离子传感器件。虽然增塑聚氯乙烯(PVC)可以通过改变活性物质来制备各种离子敏感膜，但作为ISFET的离子敏感膜，PVC-TPE离子敏感膜并不是很稳定，它们与FET栅极表面的附着力很差，其活性物质和塑化剂容易从膜中渗出到测量样品溶液中。硅橡胶可以很好地替代增塑的聚氯乙烯作为ISFET的有机离子敏感膜，但硅橡胶中的离子敏感材料存在着难于溶解或不稳定的缺点。作为钠ISFET的中性载体，不对称的杯[4]芳烃离子载体失去了三个酯键和一个酰胺键作为阳离子结合部位。其中一种杯[4]芳烃衍生物在硅橡胶中高度溶解，与无机FET栅极有很强的粘附性，从而为ISFET提供了稳定的敏感膜。基于杯[4]芳烃离子载体/硅橡胶复合材料的钠离子敏感膜表现出高的钠离子选择性和高的传感器耐久性。不对称和对称的杯[4]芳烃酯类化合物被设计用于硅橡胶-橡胶膜的中性载体，钠离子敏感场效应促进了它们在硅橡胶中的分散性，从而实现了离子敏感膜的高稳定性和低阻抗，从而获得了高灵敏度和快速响应的钠ISFET。

The aim of this work is to design high-performance sodium ion sensors based on calixarene ionophores.Extnsive research has been deveted to designing ion-sensitive field-effect transistors (ISFETs) and convenient micro-scale ion-sensing devices. Although plasticized poly (vinyl chloride) (PVC) can afford a variety of ion-sensing membranes by changing the active materials, PVC-thpe ion-sensing membranses are not very stable as the membranes for ISFETs ; they have poor adhe sion to the gate surface of the FET and their active materials and plasticzers are liable toexude from the membranes into the measuring sample solutions. Silicone rubber may be an excellent alternative to plasticized PVC for organic ion-sensing membranes of ISFETs, but there is a drawback inn solubility or dis persibility of ion-sensing material in silicone rubber.As neutral carriers for sodium ISFETs, unsymmetrical calix[4]arene ionophores have been designed which oissess three ester linkages and an amide linkage as the cation-binding sites. One of the calix[4]arene derivaties are highly soluble in silicane rubber, which is very adhesive to inorganic FET gates, thus affording stable sensing membranes for the ISFET.The resulting sodium ISFETs based on the calixarene ionophore / silicone rubber composite showed high sodium ion selectivety and high senser durability.Unsymmetrical and symmetrical calix[4]arene esters carrying oligosiloxane meiety were designed for neutral carriers of silicone-rubber-membrane sodium ion-sensitive field-effect promotes their dispersibility in silicone rubber, thus bringing about high stability and low impedance of the ion-sensing membranes and thereby high sensitivity and fast response of the resulting sodium ISFETs.