Historical Differences in Late Work Life Experiences and Retirement Adjustment

后期工作生活经历和退休调整的历史差异

基本信息

项目摘要

The present research project deals with the effects of historical change on well-being and health of older workers and retirees. Analyses are based on the German Ageing Survey (currently 1996-2020) and the German Socioeconomic Panel (currently 1984-2019). We expect historical difference because of pension reforms, cohort differences but also the effects of the covid-19 pandemic. There are three main research questions:1. How has the Covid-19 pandemic influenced retirement adjustment?Individuals in the retirement transition could be particularly vulnerable with respect to consequences of the pandemic, because they are in a psychosocial transition phase.2. How has the psychosocial and health situation of older workers (50+) changed across historical time in Germany? Previous studies showed cohort differences in psychosocial resources in midlife and older age, which may have contributed to historical differences in health and well-being of older workers. Furthermore, pension reforms made it more difficult to retire early, which may have affected feelings of control and may also have influenced the composion of older workers.3. Are there specific (latent) sub-groups of older workers or retirees that are differentially affected by historical time? Previous studies mainly focused on mean-level differences when studying the effects of historical time. In addition, we will test if new subgroups of older workers and retirees have developed with historical time, or if stable subgroups differ in size and characteristics over historical time.Results of the present research project are useful for lifespan psychology, as they offer new knowledge about the role of historical context for development in midlife and older age. Furthermore, our results may inform societal debates about prolonging the work life and healthy aging.
本研究项目涉及历史变化对老年工人和退休人员福祉和健康的影响。分析基于德国老龄化调查(目前为1996-2020年)和德国社会经济小组(目前为1984-2019年)。我们预计会出现历史性的差异,因为养老金改革、人群差异以及新冠肺炎疫情的影响。这里有三个主要的研究问题:1.新冠肺炎疫情是如何影响退休调整的?处于退休过渡期的个人可能特别容易受到疫情影响,因为他们正处于心理社会过渡期。在德国,老年员工(50岁以上)的心理和健康状况在不同历史时期发生了怎样的变化?以前的研究表明,中年和老年在心理社会资源方面存在队列差异,这可能是导致老年员工健康和幸福感历史差异的原因之一。此外,养老金改革使提早退休变得更加困难,这可能影响了控制感,也可能影响了年长工人的组成。是否有特定的(潜在的)老年工人或退休人员亚群受到历史时间的不同影响?以往的研究主要集中在研究历史时间效应时的平均水平差异。此外,我们将测试老年工人和退休人员的新亚群是否随着历史时间的推移而发展,或者是否稳定的亚群在规模和特征上随着历史时间的推移而不同。本研究项目的结果对终身心理学有用,因为它们提供了关于历史背景在中老年发展中的作用的新知识。此外,我们的结果可能会为社会上关于延长工作寿命和健康老龄化的辩论提供信息。

项目成果

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