DISTRIBUTION AND DISSEMINATION PATHWAY OF TROPICAL VEGETABLES IN NANSEI ISLANDS

以菜豆和辣椒为主要研究对象。对来自南亚、东南亚和东亚等地的300多个菜豆品种进行了形态、生态和生化特性分析。这些地方品种的种子形态表明，菲律宾和印度尼西亚的地方品种与日本的地方品种具有较近的亲缘关系。塞南群岛的实地调查也表明了同样的趋势。这些事实似乎表明，院子长的豆子或豌豆在旧时代穿过塞南群岛。种子蛋白质分析的结果在这一问题上没有明显的趋势。使用DNA指纹技术进行更详细的分析是必要的。关于辣椒，地方品种鸟辣椒(Capsicum Fuctescens L.)主要进行了分析。在形态和生态特征上，塞南群岛的地方品种不如分布在东南亚国家的品种多样。这一事实表明，塞南群岛位于这种作物在亚洲传播途径的边缘。种子蛋白质分析、与浆果辣椒杂交时的VLS外观、无病毒综合征的白点外观均未显示明显的趋势。需要对这些项目进行更详细的研究。

Yard long bean (cowpea) and chili pepper were mainly investigated. In yard long bean or cowpea, more than 300 cultivars, collected from various areas, including South, Southeast and East Asia, were used for the analysis of morphological, ecological and biochemical characteristics. Seed morphology of those local cultivars indicated the close relationship between local cultivars in Philippines and Indonesia and those in Japan. Field survey in Seinan Islands also suggested the same tendency. These facts seem to suggest that yard long bean or cowpea moved through Seinan Islands in old days. The results of seed protein analysis did not show clear tendency on this matter. More detailed analysis is necessary, using DNA finger print technique. Regarding chili pepper, local cultivars of bird pepper (Capsicum frutescens L.) were mainly analyzed. In morphological and ecological characteristics, local cultivars in Seinan Islands were not as diverse as those distributed in Southease Asian countries. This fact shows that Seinan Islands is situated the edge of the dissemination pathway of this crop in Asia. The analyzes on seed protein, VLS appearance when crossed with Capsicum baccatum, and the appearance of blanches without virus syndrome did not indicate clear tendency. More detailed studies are needed on these items.