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Evaluation of agricultural resources and sustainability in tropical upland crop area developed in large scale

大规模开发热带旱地作物区农业资源及可持续性评价

基本信息

批准号：
13306026
负责人：
NAWATA Eiji
金额：
$ 16.56万
依托单位：
Kyoto University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A)
财政年份：
2001
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2001 至 2004
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-13306026/
关键词：
Agricultural resources Climate Cultivation environment Field crop production Land use Mainland Southeast Asia Slope land agriculture Sustainability

项目摘要

Agricultural resources and sustainability of agricultural producing systems in Northeast and Central Thailand, and Northwest Vietnam, which were developed for agriculture in the middle of 20th century or later, were evaluated. Major outcomes were as follows.1)Long-term meteorological data in Northeast Thailand were mapped, showing that in this area air temperature and solar radiation are relatively stable, whereas the rainfall is unstable with large regional and yearly variations, and uneven distribution. In addition, there was no correlation between annual rainfall and the number of rainy days and the number of rainy days showed large regional variations. Largest limiting factor for sugarcane production was suggested to be soil moisture contents, which in turn were related to be soil clay contents. The slope angle did not affect productivity pronouncedly. It is indicated that sandy soils prevailing in Northeast Thailand contains low organic materials and the efficiency of fertilizer a … More pplication was very low.2)In vegetable production areas in Central Thailand, unique cultivation system using raised-bed-dikes called "rong chin" with large amount of fertilizer application was broadly observed and it is suggested that in these systems large amount of applied fertilizers, especially phosphorus, was not absorbed by plants and accumulated in surrounding environments. In field crop areas, it is clarified that diversified farming and cropping systems have been established according to environmental conditions and diversification index of cropping system became largest in areas with moderately favorable conditions. In these areas, it is also suggested that the possibility for rapid soil degradation is low due to gently undulating topography and generally high soil clay contents.3)In field crop areas in Northwest Vietnam, it is clarified that mountain slopes, utilized traditionally for shifting cultivation until recently, were changed to be permanent crop fields, producing cash crops such as maize and edible cannas with diversified cropping systems adapted to their environmental conditions, and that soil degradation is worried because of the utilization of steep mountain slopes despite the predominance of erosion-resistant clayish fertile soils. Less

对20世纪中叶及以后发展为农业的泰国东北部和中部以及越南西北部的农业资源和农业生产系统的可持续性进行了评估。主要成果如下：1)绘制了泰国东北部长期气象资料，显示该地区气温和太阳辐射相对稳定，但降雨量不稳定，区域和年际变化较大，且分布不均匀。此外，年降雨量与阴雨天数之间不存在相关性，阴雨天数存在较大的地区差异。甘蔗生产的最大限制因素是土壤水分含量，而土壤水分含量又与土壤粘土含量有关。坡度对生产率没有明显影响。这表明泰国东北部普遍存在的沙质土壤有机质含量低，肥料施用效率很低。2）在泰国中部的蔬菜产区，广泛观察到采用称为“rong chin”的高床堤的独特栽培系统，大量施肥，这表明在这些系统中，大量施用的肥料，特别是磷，没有被植物吸收并在周围环境中积累。大田作物区明确，根据环境条件建立多种耕作制度，条件中等的地区种植制度多样化指数最大。在这些地区，由于地形起伏平缓，土壤粘土含量普遍较高，因此土壤快速退化的可能性较低。3）在越南西北部的大田作物区，明确了将直到最近传统上用于轮耕的山坡改为永久作物田，生产玉米和食用美人蕉等经济作物，并采用适应其环境条件的多样化种植制度，以及尽管抗侵蚀的粘土肥沃土壤占主导地位，但由于使用陡峭的山坡，土壤退化令人担忧。较少的

项目成果

期刊论文数量（26）

专著数量（0）

科研奖励数量（0）

会议论文数量（0）

专利数量（0）

冨田晋介, 縄田栄治, 河野泰之, 永田好克, 岩間憲治, Roengsak Katawatin, Somsak Sukchan: "天水農業生産力推定における降水量の時間単位・TRMMデータ利用の可能性の検討-タイ国東北部を対象として-"熱帯農業. 47・別1. 55-56 (2003)

Shinsuke Tomita、Eiji Nawada、Yasuyuki Kono、Yoshikatsu Nagata、Kenji Iwama、Roengsak Katawatin、Somsak Sukchan：“检查在雨养农业生产力估算中使用每小时降雨量/TRMM 数据的可能性 - 以泰国东北部为目标 -”热带农业。47・第1部分。55-56（2003年）