Evaluation of Agricultural Resources in Mainland Southeast Asia

为了评价东南亚大陆地区，特别是泰国东北部和越南红河三角洲地区的农业资源状况，利用在日本进行的实地调查和试验结果，通过一系列试验，构建了两个地区土地生产力评价的产量模型。通过将泰国东北部的水分胁迫效应或红河三角洲的淹没和移植冲击效应纳入基本模型，构建了可靠的产量模型。还建立了木薯和玉米的产量模型，用于评估泰国东北部的大田作物生产力。使用在农民的领域获得的数据的验证建议的模型的适用性。为了评价气候资源的利用效率，对甘蔗田的水分平衡进行了分析。在此基础上建立了甘蔗产量模型。利用泰国气象部门提供的泰国东北部近20年的气候资料，建立了泰国东北部气候数据库。利用上述模型、气候数据库、土壤和地理分类，对泰国东北部的水稻、甘蔗和木薯的潜在产量和可达产量进行了估算。显示产量的地图表明，在泰国东北部的农业中，由于降雨量不稳定和持水能力低的桑迪土壤占主导地位，丰富的气候资源没有得到充分利用。与此同时，在越南的红河三角洲地区，农业的多样化和集约化发展趋势十分明显，农业资源得到了充分和高效的利用。

In order to evaluate the agricultural resources in mainland Southeast Asia, especially Northeast Thailand and the Red River Delta in Vietnam, the results of field surveys and experiments conducted in another projects and provided to us were analyzed with the results of experiments conducted in Japan.A series of experiments were carried out to construct yield models for the evaluation of land productivity in both areas. By incorporating the effects of water stress in Northeast Thailand, or the effects of submerging and transplanting shock in the Red River Delta, into the basic model, reliable yield model was constructed. The yield models of cassava and maize were also constructed for the evaluation of field crop productivity in Northeast Thailand. The validation using data obtained at farmers' fields suggested the applicability of the models. For the evaluation of the utilization efficiency of climatic resources, water balance of sugarcane fields was analyzed. Based on the results, sugarcane yield model was constructed. This model was also validated by farmers' field data and proved to be applicable for the further analysis.Using climatic data of Northeast Thailand for these 20 years provided by the Meteorological Department in Thailand, climatic database was constructed. Potential and attainable yield of rice, sugarcane and cassava were estimated by the above models, climatic database, and soil and geographic classifications in Northeast Thailand. The maps showing yields indicated that in the agriculture in Northeast Thailand, rich and abundant climatic resources was not fully utilized because of unstable rainfall and the dominance of sandy soils with low water holding capacity. Meanwhile in the Red River Delta in Vietnam, remarkably diversified and intensified agriculture seems to develop and the agricultural resources are fully utilized with high efficiency.