STUDIES ON PHYSIOLOGY AND ECOLOGY OF PUERULUS OF SPINY LOBSTERS

在三陆的实验室中培养了从卵期到尾尾期的棘虾、Jasus属、Panuirus属和Palinurus属的Phyllosomas。这些葛根和收集者在海中取样的葛根用于生态和生理观察。(1)在10^6 - 5 × 10^6/m1，氨氮< 1.4 ppm, COD < 1.2 ppm，细菌数量为10^3 - 10^5 CFU/m1的条件下，纳米叶绿体发育完全。1992年和1993年，edwardsii、verreauxi、Panulirus japonicus和Palinurus elephhas的产褥量分别为5、24、4和2。在新西兰北岛、澳大利亚新南威尔士州和美国佛罗里达州分别采集了爱德华氏蜱的普氏蜱、弗罗西氏蜱和阿古斯帕努鲁斯蜱。(2)葛根期最短的是佳斯，最短的是12 d。葛uli在不喂食的情况下蜕皮进入幼期。葛根期的持续时间随水温的变化而变化。普洱茶对水温的变化具有较强的依赖性：高水温范围内，普洱茶可达28ºC；低水温范围内，普洱茶可达15ºC。edwardsii在岩石缝隙中对基质有偏好，j.w reauxi在藻类中对基质有偏好，p.a japonicus在两者中都有偏好。大象喜欢在岩石上筑巢。edwardsii在白天有挖洞行为。(3)刚变态的普氏体透明。沉降后可见肝胰脏，多次沉积前可见色素沉着，葛根血腔内可见脂肪体。脂肪体的数量随着发育的进展而减少。在婴儿期，脂肪体被认为是营养的储存场所。

Phyllosomas of spiny lobsters, genus Jasus, Panuirus and Palinurus were cultured from egg stage to uerulus/postpueruus stage in the laboratory at Sanriku. These pueruli and those sampled by collectors in the sea were used for ecological and physiological observations.(1) Complete larval development was shown with Nannochloropsis sp. at 10^6 - 5 x 10^6/m1, Ammonium-N < 1.4 ppm, COD < 1.2 ppm and Bacterial number at 10^3 - 10^5 CFU/m1. Number of pueruli produced in 1992 and 1993 was 5, 24, 4 and 2 for J.edwardsii, J.verreauxi, Panulirus japonicus and Palinurus elephas, respectively. Pueruli of J.edwardsii were collected in North Island, New ZEALAND, J.verreauxi in New South Wales, Austraa and Panulirus argus in Florida, U.S.A..(2) The shortest duration of puerulus stage was 20 days for Jasus and 12 days for Panulirus. Pueruli molted into juvenile stage without feeding. Duration of the puerulus stage varied with water teperature. Pueruli were torelable to change of water teperature : Jasus to 28ﾟC at high water teperature range and Panulirus to 15ﾟC at low water teperature range. Preference for substrtum was seen in crevice n rocks for J.edwardsii, in algae for J.verreauxi and in both for P.japonicus. Puerui of P.elephas preferred on the top of rocks. Diurnal burrowing behaviur was observed for J.edwardsii(3) Pueruli were transparent just after metamorphosis. Hepatopancreas was visible after settlement and pigmentation occurred before mult Existence of fat body was observed in the haemocoel of the puerulus. The quantity of the fat bodies reduced with the progress of development. The fat body is considered as as a storage site of nutrition during the puerulus stage.