Archaedogical Study on the Slag Produced by Iron Smelting and Refining

炉渣是钢铁冶炼过程中产生的废渣。因此，矿渣是科学家和分析师研究的对象。考古学家并不重视古代遗址中发现的矿渣。本文试图通过类型学的方法对矿渣进行考古学研究。结果，我们可以将古遗址中发现的矿渣分为三种类型。(1)这是一种较大的矿渣，直径约为20厘米，重量约为1公斤。(2)这是一种较小的矿渣，直径约10 cm，重量约100g。(3)这是玻璃状渣。(1)在炼铁过程中产生类渣。(2)在高温回火过程中产生类渣，在1200ﾟC以上。(3)在低温回火过程中产生类渣，在800ﾟC左右。我们认识到炉渣是研究钢铁生产的重要遗物。

Slag is refuse matter produced in the process of making iron and steel. So, slag is an object of study of scientists and analysts. Archaeologists don't give important values to it, if slag is found in ansient sites by excavations.In this study, we try to give archaeological approach to slag by means of typological analysis.As a result of this study, we can classify slag found in ancient sites by three types.(1)This is bigger one, about 20cm in diameter and 1kg in weight.(2)This is smaller one, about 10cm in diameter and about 100g in weight.(3)this is slags like glass(1)type slag is produced in process of iron refining.(2)type slag is produced in process of iron tempering by high temperature about 1200ﾟC over.(3)type slag is produced in process of iron tempering by low temperature about 800ﾟC.We recognize that slag is the important remains to research iron and steel making.